Renewable Energy Sources for the mCCHP-SE-RES Systems - Design for Micro-Combined Cooling, Heating and Power Systems - page 98

(a)

(b)

8.00

7.00

250

6.00

200

5.00

150

4.00

3.00

100

2.00

50

1.00

0

0.00

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Solar Radiation[kWh/m2/d]
Specific energy PV [kWh/m2/d]
Specific energy TP[kWh/m2/d]

Solar Radiation[kWh/m2/m]
Specific energy PV [kWh/m2/m]
Specific energy TP[kWh/m2/m]

Fig. 5 Speci c energy production of PV and ST panels, a Speci c energy production, in kWh/m 2 /
day, b Speci c energy production in, kWh/m 2 /month

ef ciency of the conversion technologies. The trend in PV panel is building-inte-

grated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems incorporate photovoltaic properties into
building materials such as roo ng, siding, and glass and thus offer advantages in

cost and appearance as they are substituted for conventional materials in new
construction. Moreover, the BIPV installations are architecturally more appealing
than classical PV structures. The new enclosure technology has the ability to reg-
ulate the panel temperature (cooling or heating).
Depending on the location of the building, the speci c daily and monthly pro-

duction of solar thermal energy and of photovoltaic energy can be determined.
Solar energy in kWh/m 2 /day on a south-facing horizontal surface for Galati city,
Romania, for each month is shown in Fig. 5 a.
If the yearly irradiation is of 1,440 kWh/m 2 /year, then the speci

c annual energy

produced by a PV panel (with 15 % ef ciency) calculated as sum of the monthly

c power production in all months of the year, is of 216 kWh/m 2 /year, while the
heat produced by an ST panel (with 70 % ef

speci

ciency), calculated as sum of the

c heat production in all months of the year, is of 1,000 kWh/m 2 /year.
The monthly distribution of these speci

monthly speci

c productions is shown in Fig. 5 b.

2.3 Solar Energy Storage

Collecting and storing the energy of the Sun for rainy days seems obvious. The
photovoltaic technology and solar thermal energy systems offer reliable and cost-
ef

cient methods of generating electricity and heat. Today, these systems are
applied with success in commercial as well as residential buildings.