Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 3.6
Major inorganic species in representative natural water
Condition
Element
Major species
Fresh water
[M
n
+
/
M
T
]
H
3
BO
3
,
B(OH)
4
−
B(III)
HVO
4
2
−
,
H
2
VO
4
−
V(V)
CrO
4
2
−
Hydrolysed,
Cr(VI)
HASO
4
2
−
anionic
As(V)
SeO
4
2
−
Se(VI)
MoO
4
2
−
Mo(VI)
Si(IV)
Si(OH)
4
Li
+
Li
1.00
Na
+
Na
1.00
Mg
2
+
Mg
0.94
K
+
Predominantly
K
1.00
Ca
2
+
free aquo ions
Ca
0.94
Sr
2
+
Sr
0.94
Cs
+
Cs
1.00
Ba
2
+
Ba
0.95
BeOH
+
,
Be(OH)
2
0
1
.
5
×
10
−
3
Be(II)
Al(OH)
3
(
s
),
Al(OH)
2
+
,
Al(OH)
4
−
1
×
10
−
9
Al(III)
TiO
2
(
s
),
Ti(OH)
4
0
Ti(IV)
Mn(IV)
MnO
2
(
s
)
Fe(OH)
3
(
s
),
Fe(OH)
2
+
,
Fe(OH)
4
−
Fe(III)
2
×
10
−
11
Co
2
+
,
CoCO
3
0
Co(II)
0.5
Ni
2
+
,
NiCO
3
0
(
Ni
2
+
,
NiCl
)
Ni(II)
0.4
CuCO
3
0
,
Cu(OH)
2
0
Complexation with
Cu(II)
0.01
OH
−
,CO
3
2
−
,
Zn
2
+
,
ZnCO
3
0
(
Zn
2
+
,
ZnCl
)
Zn(II)
0.4
HCO
3
−
,Cl
−
Ag
+
,
AgCl
0
(
AgCl
2
−
,
AgCl
)
Ag(I)
0.6
Cd
2
+
,
CdCO
3
0
(
CdCl
2
)
Cd(II)
0.5
LaCO
3
+
,
La
(
CO
3
)
2
−
8
×
10
−
3
La(III)
Tl
+
,
Tl(OH)
3
0
,
Tl(OH)
4
−
10
−
21
Tl(I),
2
×
Tl(III)
Hg(II)
Hg(OH)
2
0
(
HgCl
4
2
−
)
10
−
10
1
×
PbCO
3
0
(
PbCl
+
,
PbCO
3
)
Pb(II)
5
×
10
−
2
7
×
10
−
16
Bi(III)
Bi(OH)
3
2mM, [SO
4
2
−
]
T
=
[Cl
−
]
[Ca
2
+
]
T
=
Fresh water conditions: pH
=
8, Alk
=
0.3mM,
=
0.25mM,
1mM,
[Mg
2
+
]
T
=
0.3mM, [Na
+
]
T
=
5mM.
Source
: Stumm and Morgan (1996). Reproduced by permission of Wiley, New York.
0.25mM, O
2
at saturation with air,
I
=
