Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
17
Effect of the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser Parameters
on Shear Bond Strength and Microstructure
on Human Dentin Surface
Eun Mi Rhim
1
, Sungyoon Huh
2
, Duck Su Kim
3
, Sun-Young Kim
4
,
Su-Jin Ahn
5
, Kyung Lhi Kang
6
and Sang Hyuk Park
4,7
1
The Catholic University of Korea, St. Paul's Hospital,
Dept. of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul,
2
Shingu University, Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Seongnam,
3
Kyung Hee University, Dental Hospital, Dept. of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul
4
Kyung Hee University, Dept. of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul,
5
Kyung Hee University, Dental Hospital at Gandong,
Dept. of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics,
6
Kyung Hee University, Dental Hospital at Gandong, Dept. of Periodontology,
7
Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gandong, Dept. of Conservative Dentistry
Korea
1. Introduction
The developments of laser technology have enabled their use in multiple dental procedures,
such as soft tissue operations, composite restorations, tooth bleaching, root canal irrigation,
caries removal and tooth preparations with minimal pain and discomfort (Turkmen et al.,
2010) Recently, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser was recommended for minimally invasive purposes
due to its precise ablation of the enamel and dentin without side-effects to the pulp and
surrounding tissues. It has a 2780-nm wavelength and absorbed strongly by both water and
hydroxyapatite. The sudden evaporation of bound water causes micro-explosions that blast
away tiny particles of the tooth (Obeidi et al., 2010).
Previous studies reported that irregularities and the crater-shaped appearance of ablated
dentin was comparable to the dentine surface after acid etching, which might promote
micromechanical interlocking between dental restorative materials and the tooth surface
(Visuri et al., 1996; Armengol et al., 1999; MartÃnez-Insua et al., 2000; Carrieri et al., 2007;
Gurgan et al., 2008). Despite its efficiency, reports on the bond strengths of composite resin
to a tooth substrate prepared by a laser are often confusing and contradictory. Some studies
reported higher bond strengths to laser-prepared dentin than to acid-etched dentin (Visuri
et al., 1996; Carrieri et al., 2007). Others have reported significantly lower bond strengths on
laser preparation (Armengol et al., 1999; MartÃnez-Insua da Silva Dominguez et al. 2000;
Gurgan Kiremitci et al. 2008) and others have reported no significant differences (Abdalla &
Davidson, 1998).
Generally there are three adhesive systems. The first uses 30-40% phosphoric acid to
remove the smear layer (etch-and-rinse (ER) technique). This bonding mechanism to dentin
