Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Dose of BMP-2 ( μg )
0
0.5
1
2
5
bone
0
0
3.7 ± 1.41
7.4 ± 0.94
20.3 ± 4.64
cartilage
0
4.0 ± 0.81
2.3 ± 0.47
0
0
bone marrow
0
0
0
0
6.0 ± 1.63
DDM
57.0 ± 0.81
43.3 ± 3.39
41.0 ± 2.16
40.3 ± 1.69
37.0 ± 0.81
mesenchymal tissue
40.7 ± 0.94
49.0 ± 5.09
48.0 ± 3.85
46.0 ± 2.16
32.7 ± 5.73
connective tissue
2.3 ± 0.47
3.7 ± 1.24
5.0 ± 0.47
6.3 ± 0.47
4.0 ± 0.81
All tissue: 100 % , values: mean ± SD , N: 9, Explanted time: 3 weeks
The volume of bone and marrow showing a dose-dependent increase.
The volume of DDM showing a dose-dependent decrease.
Table 1. Morphometry of BMP-2 dose-dependent study.
5. Material science for patients in the near future
Biomaterials have had a major impact on the regenerative medicine and patient care for
improving the quality of lives of human.
We have been challenging to be able to develop bioabsorbable materials, harmonized with
living body, especially bone remodelling, using an innovative supersonic and acid-etching
technology (Akazawa et al. 2010). Implanted biomaterials first contact to body fluid and
cells. Human cells never live in dry condition. Generally, organ and tissue have
interconnected porous structure for dynamic flow of body fluid. Material walls inhibit the
body fluid permeation and the cell invasion. Therefore, we focused on the permeability of
body fluid into the bulk of materials and the biomimetic structure for the living and
working cells (Murata et al., 2007). Body fluid can permeate into collagenous materials such
as DDM and DBM. Novel DDM material contains native growth factors, and adsorbs
several proteins derived from body fluid. In addition, DDM with RGD sequences supports
mesenchymal cell adhesion as anchorage matrix.
Most importantly, material scientists, engineers, and doctors must work together and
cooperate as professionals for the development of functional materials and for the present
and future of all patients.
6. References
Akazawa, T., Murata, M., Sasaki, T., Tazaki, J., Kobayashi, M., Kanno, T., Matsushima, K.,
Itabashi, K., & Arisue, M. (2005). Bio-absorption and osteoinduction innovation of
bone morphogenetic protein-supported functionally graded apatites originated
from cattle bone.
J Am Ceram Soc,
88.,12., 3545-3548.
Akazawa, T., Murata, M., Sasaki, T., Tazaki, J., Kobayashi, M., Kanno, T., Matsushima, K., &
Arisue, M. (2006). Biodegradation and bioabsorption innovation of the functionally
graded cattle-bone-originated apatite with blood compatibility.
J Biomed Mater Res,
76A., 1., 44-51.
Akazawa, T., Murata, M., Hino, J., Nakamura, K., Tazaki, J., Kikuchi, M., & Arisue, M.
(2007). Materials design and application of demineralized dentin/apatite composite
granules derived from human teeth.
Archives of Bioceramics Research,
7., 25-28.
