Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
6
Human Dentin as Novel Biomaterial
for Bone Regeneration
Masaru Murata
1
, Toshiyuki Akazawa
2
, Masaharu Mitsugi
3
,
In-Woong Um
4
, Kyung-Wook Kim
5
and Young-Kyun Kim
6
1
Health Sciences University of Hokkaido,
2
Hokkaido Organization,
3
Takamatsu Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
4
Tooth Bank Co. Ltd,
5
Dankook University,
6
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
,
1,2,3
Japan
4,5,6
Korea
1. Introduction
Human dentin autograft was reported in 2003 as a first clinical case (Murata et al., 2003),
while human bone autograft was done in 1820. There was a long-long time lag between the
autografts of dentin and bone. In 2009, Korea Tooth Bank was established in Seoul for the
processing of the tooth-derived materials in Seoul, and an innovative medical service has
begun for bone regeneration. Recently, the tooth-derived materials have been becoming a
realistic alternative to bone grafting.
The regeneration of lost-parts of the skeleton has been generally carried out with fresh,
autogenous bone as a gold standard. To obviate the need for harvesting of grafts and thus,
to avoid morbidity resulting from it, the researches for bone substitutes (Kuboki et al., 1995;
Asahina et al., 1997; Takaoka et al., 1991; Artzi et al., 2004; Kim et al., 2010) or bone
production via bio-engineering have begun (Wozney et al., 1988; Wang et al., 1990; Murata
et al., 1999). In the regenerative field, there is a medical need for biomaterials that both allow
for bone formation and also gradually absorb as to be replaced by bone. Non-absorbable
materials are never replaced by bone and thus, reveal chronic inflammation in tissues as
foreign bodies.
As bone and dentin consist of fluid (10%), collagen (20%) and hydroxyapatite (70%) in
weight volume, our attention for biomaterials is collagenous and ceramic materials (Murata
et al., 2000; Murata et al., 2002; Akazawa et al., 2006; Murata et al., 2007). Generally,
extracted teeth have been discarded as infective medical dusts in the world. We have
thought the non-functional teeth as native resource for self and family (Fig. 1). Therefore, we
noticed on bone-inductive, absorbable properties of dentin, and have been studying a
medical recycle of human teeth as a novel graft material for bone regeneration in Japan and
Korea (Akazawa et al. 2007; Kim et al. 2010). Biomaterial science should support and
develop the advanced regenerative therapy using enamel and dentin matrix for patients in
the near future.
