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Conclusions
Elements of explicit long-term memory have been shown to fit into a searchable
system driven by a flow of images to conscious STM. Biological memory is thus
proposed to be akin to associative memory hardware in its logical structure,
although very different physically.
Memory searches in the above model are based on an arbitrary set of cues taken
from attributes of images, or fragments of images in conscious STM. Confusion
caused by an episode of multiple returns is prevented by an elementary multi-read
system. A simple lockout system permits images to be returned to an attributes bus
one at a time. A simulated qubit in the form of a toggle serve to tag an image once it
is read, so that it cannot be read again during an episode of multiple returns.
Multiple responses are therefore constrained to occur in a sequence, to be presented
to a recall referee.
Memorizing is accomplished by assuming available (blank) words that are auto-
matically filled under certain conditions. Conditions are (1) repeated usage of a given
image in STM, that is, rehearsal and (2) that the image does not already exist in long-
term memory. Writing to more than one blank word at a time is prevented by a basic
multiwrite system that is given above. The given multiwrite system is essentially a
one-hot state machine implemented with simulated qubits in the forms of toggles,
with neural logic to force a filled blank word to point to the next.
Explicit memory, by the way, includes STM and long-term memory. In particu-
lar, subconscious explicit long-term memory in humans can be formed instantly,
too quickly for synaptic growth, and too fast for long-term potentiation. It seems
more likely that the particular attributes of a memory are captured quickly by
recursive neurons, and then held as long as necessary until some form of long-
term potentiation occurs.
Gifted savants are famous for their powers of memory such as remembering
topics they have read. Memory is fundamental to savants, but what does memory
mean. Pure memory is meaningless unless the connections between the various
images of memory, and these must also be remembered. Recalling the contents of a
topic, which is something savants can do, is proposed to be a manifestation not of
fast memorization but of quick learning.
Learning for ordinary people can be modeled as synaptic connections within
subconscious long-term memory. Usually connections are formed rather slowly
after much rehearsal, as detected by a rehearsal filter. Once learning is in place,
synaptic connections define a state machine within subconscious long-term asso-
ciative memory. State machines, by the way, are logical structures that sequence
routine actions, movements or recitations without conscious involvement, or
contemplating.
Savant learning may form quickly within subconscious long-term memory; this
can be accomplished with sensitive rehearsal filters. Rehearsal filters are proposed
to be equivalent to simulated qubits that toggle and count rehearsals. In all likeli-
hood savants both memorize and learn with a lower count of rehearsals. While
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