Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5.1
Examples of gum-g-copolymers formed by direct grafting reaction
Initiation system
Gum-g-copolymers GE%
a
GR%
b
References
H
2
O
2
GG-g-PMMA
61.50
-
[
109
]
KMnO
4
/oxalic acid
GG-g-PAM
29.00
102.80
[
124
]
Potassium bromate/thiomalic acid
GG-g-PAM
81.00
-
[
110
]
KPS/ascorbic acid
GG-g-PAN
76.00
123.00
[
111
]
Cu
+2
/mandelic acid
GG-g-PAM
93.70
129.77
[
112
]
Peroxydiphosphate/silver(I)
GG-g-PAA
87.00
1237.83
[
125
]
Peroxydiphosphate/metabisulphite
GG-g-PAM
97.70
277.80
[
126
]
Potassium chromate/malonic acid
GG-g-PMAD
88.30
151.20
[
113
]
Potassiummonopersulfate/thioacetamide GG-g-P4V
75.80
504.29
[
127
]
KPS
GG-g-PMA
24.20
241.60
[
114
]
Bromate/ascorbic acid
GG-g-PNVF
96.90
358.70
[
128
]
Vanadium (V)/mercaptosuccinic acid
GG-g-PAA
63.60
160.40
[
115
]
Peroxymonosulfate/ascorbic acid
GG-g-P4V
52.90
560.90
[
34
]
Cu
2+
/Na
2
S
2
O
5
GG-g-PAM
25.35
60.0
[
129
]
KPS/ferrous ammonium sulfate
GG-g-PNVP
77.90
168.00
[
130
]
Peroxymonosulfate/glycolic acid
GG-g-PNVP
76.92
200.00
[
116
]
Peroxymonosulfate/thiourea
PCMGG-g-PACA
70.60
292.80
[
117
]
H
2
O
2
LGSG-g-PAN
100.00
167.60
[
131
]
KPS/ascorbic acid
IDSG-g-PAN
97.20
360.00
[
58
]
KPS/ascorbic acid
IDSG-g-PAN
-
80.00
[
25
]
KPS/ascorbic acid
IHSG-g-PAN
-
124.00
[
25
]
KPS/ascorbic acid
IPSG-g-PAN
-
149.00
[
25
]
Potassium monopersulfate/Fe
2+
XG-g-PAA
-
192.30
[
118
]
Potassium bromate/Fe
2+
XG-g-PAM
84.90
145.60
[
119
]
Fe
2+
/H
2
O
2
XG-g-PMA
93.33
168.00
[
62
]
Bromate/thiourea redox
XG-g-PAMPS
-
160.00
[
59
]
Potassium monopersulfate/Ag(I)
XG-g-PNVF
97.59
324.00
[
120
]
Potassium bromate/ascorbic acid
XG-g-PAMPS
-
433.00
[
121
]
Potassium peroxydiphosphate/Ag
+
XG-g-PNVP
78.90
300.00
[
122
]
Peroxymonosulfate/ascorbic acid
XG-g-P4V
87.80
400.00
[
123
]
Peroxymonosulfate/glycolic acid
k
-CGN-g-PDAM
81.30
509.90
[
67
]
KPS
CG-g-PAM
96.30
144.40
[
132
]
APS
AG-g-PAM
73.50
459.00
[
133
]
a
Graft efficiency
b
Graft ratio
5.4.3 Gum-g-Copolymers via High-Energy Initiation Grafting
Method
The synthesis of gum-g-copolymers by conventional chemical initiation methods
was described above. These methods were intensively developed and used to derive
numerous graft polymer materials. However, these methods are highly depended on
the chemical initiator and can only be used for the liquid-phase reaction. For one
thing,
the usage of chemical
initiators may inevitably introduce undesirable
