Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Widow Sirimavo Bandaranaike assumes her late husband's SLFP post, becoming the world's first
female prime minister. She is appointed prime minister several more times before her death in
2000.
1972
A new constitution is created. It changes Ceylon's name to Sri Lanka, declares, once again, Sin-
halese to be the official language and gives Buddhism 'foremost place' among the island's reli-
gions.
1970s
Young Tamils begin fighting for an independent Tamil state called Eelam (Precious Land) in Sri
Lanka's north. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) emerge as the strongest group.
1979
Sri Lanka enacts the Prevention of Terrorism Act. Police may detain for up to 18 months anyone
thought to be connected with unlawful activities. The Act is still in effect.
1981
Jaffna's Public Library, home to many ancient Tamil works and a symbol of Tamil culture and
learning, is burnt down by Sinhalese mobs, galvanising the Tamil separatist movement.
1983
The ambush of an army patrol near Jaffna ignites widespread ethnic violence. Up to 3000 Tamils
are estimated killed by Sinhalese rioters in what is now known as Black July.
July 1987
An accord is signed, with India's involvement, granting Tamils an autonomous province in the
country's north, but disagreements over its implementation prevent it from going into effect.
1987
Government forces push the LTTE back into Jaffna. An Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) at-
tempts to establish stability, but is also dragged into conflict with the LTTE.
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