Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Cytomegalovirus Cell Tropism
C. Sinzger(
ü
) , M. Digel , G. Jahn
Contents
Target Cells of HCMV Infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
Target Cells of HCMV In Vivo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
Target Cells of HCMV in Cell Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65
Cell Tropism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
67
Pathogenetic Role of Selected Cell Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
68
Epithelial Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
Dendritic Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
Fibroblasts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
71
Smooth Muscle Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
71
Endothelial Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
72
Leukocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
72
Cell Biological Basis of HCMV Cell Tropism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
73
Interstrain Differences in Cell Tropism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74
Viral Genes and Proteins Contributing to Cell Tropism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74
Critical Events for Replication in Various Cell Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
Cell Tropism of Other Cytomegaloviruses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
76
Impact of Cell Tropism Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
77
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78
Abstract
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can infect a remarkably broad cell
range within its host, including parenchymal cells and connective tissue cells of
virtually any organ and various hematopoietic cell types. Epithelial cells, endothelial
cells, fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells are the predominant targets for virus rep-
lication. The pathogenesis of acute HCMV infections is greatly influenced by this
broad target cell range. Infection of epithelial cells presumably contributes to inter-
host transmission. Infection of endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells facilitates
systemic spread within the host. Infection of ubiquitous cell types such as fibroblasts
and smooth muscle cells provides the platform for efficient proliferation of the virus.
C. Sinzger
Institute of Medical Virology , University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, 72076
Tübingen , Germany
christian.sinzger@med.uni-tuebingen.de
