Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
south of the industrial areas, and to the east of the city at Tafara and Mabvuku, within the
reach of Beverly. New high-density developments, such as Warren Park, Glen Norah, and
Budiriro, were constructed during the eighties and nineties, in the vicinity and around
existing high-density housing areas. The municipality has provided the land for such
developments. The location of the largest high-density development at Kuwadzana, has
been determined by the offer of two private farms to the city council. Typically, these are
areas of small plots (324 m 2 or lower) with uniform low-cost, single story houses erected.
However, the pressure on space and utilities in these areas continues, and many more
people often occupy the rooms that were originally designed for single migrants. The
overwhelming concentration of the new development to the southwest and west of the
city has not been able to meet the demand. The growth of these high-density urban
environments has remained steady over the years and continues to recent days. One major
issue of concern has been the emergence of informal sector activities such as informal
agriculture, hawking petty commodities and other servicing activities. (Drakakis-Smith &
Kirell 1990). This high rate of population density leads to the overloading of the existing
sewer lines, where blockages and overflows are typical. In addition, it provides for high
percentage of the impermeable surfaces, thus increasing the runoff quantity. Road
structures are not maintained properly, with numerous potholes, which enhance erosion
by runoff. Collection and disposal of solid waste is irregular, allowing its spreading over
open spaces, specifically at market places, thus becoming a source of diffuse pollution. In
many cases, drainage channels are used to dispose solid waste.
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