Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
An illustration of the spreading of macrophytes is shown in Figure 10.1, which shows
Lake Chivero shores, covered with aquatic plants due to excessive nutrients
concentrations. The upper reaches of the Lake, as well as Manyame River after the Lake,
are densely covered with this aquatic plant. It could be observed from the picture that the
harvesting process, by mechanical means or by hand, would require considerable efforts,
with a low economic effect, and due to this fact, macrophyte ponds have not found wide
application at present.
The choice of the WSPS configuration would be based on the quality of the sewage
and the required effluent quality. Some common arrangements are shown in Figure 10.2.
Configuration 1 is the arrangement, which is most commonly used in the region.
Different alternatives of this configuration, substituting the anaerobic stage with an
Imhoff tank or an Up-flow Anaerobic Biological Reactor (USBR), would be an attractive
configuration as well that could provide conditions for sludge reuse in the form of dry
fertilizer (Hranova 2003).
Figure 10.1. Water hyacinths in Lake
Chivero.
