3D PRINTING AND NANOMANUFACTURING - 3D Bioprinting and Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - page 51

Table 2.4 Pros and cons of each technique

Fabrication technique Advantages Disadvantages References

SLS • High-strengthobject

• Self-supportprocess
• Varietyofmaterials

• Limitationtopowder
form
• Roughsurface
• Hardtoremove
supporting materials
• Impossibletoprintcells
or biological materials

Tan et al. , 2005; Duan
et al. , 2010; Kanczler et
al. , 2009; Liu et al. , 2013

LGDW • Availablecellandbiology

materials
• Singlecellresolution
• Precisecellprinting

• Hardtobuildfull3D
structure
• Timeconsuming
• Lowcellviability(upto
95%)

Odde and Renn, 2000;
Nahmias et al. , 2005;
Nahmias and Odde, 2006;
Narasimhan et al. , 2004;
Rosenbalm et al. , 2006

LIFT • 3Dstructure

• Availablecellandbiology
materials
• Highcellviability( ∼ 95%)

• Weakstructuralsupport Koch et al. , 2009; Gruene
et al. , 2010; Koch
et al. , 2012

MAPLEDW • Availablecellandbiology

materials
• Highcellviability
(near 100%)
• Simpledonorslide

• Weakstructuralsupport
• Lowreproducibility

Ringeisen et al. , 2004; Patz
et al. , 2006; Doraiswamy
et al. , 2007

BioLP • Availablecellandbiology

materials
• Higheficiency(99%of
incident)
• Highcellviability( ∼ 95%)
• Rapidprintingrate

• Weakstructuralsupport
• Metalormetaloxide
layer inserted

Barron et al. , 2004;
Barron et al. , 2004;
Barron et al. , 2005;
Othon et al . , 2008

SLA - laser • Availablecellandbiology

materials
• Submicronscale

• Expensivecost
• Timeconsuming
• Hardtoremove
supporting materials
• OnlyavailablewithUV-
curable liquid polymer

Mapili et al. , 2005; Chan et
al. , 2010; Chan et al . , 2012;
Lee et al . , 2007

2PP • Availablecellandbiology

materials
• Highresolution
• Smoothsurface

• Expensivecost
• Limitationtolargescale
• Timeconsuming
• OnlyavailablewithUV-
curable liquid polymer
• Hardtoremove
supporting materials

Zhang and Chen, 2011;
Zhang et al. , 2013;
Ovsianikov et al. , 2011a;
Ovsianikov et al. , 2011b;
Gebinoga et al. , 2013

SLA - DMD • Availablecellandbiology

materials
• Layer-basedmethod
• Rapidfabrication

• OnlyavailablewithUV-
curable liquid polymer
• Hardtoremove
supporting materials

Suri et al. , 2011;
Gauvin et al. , 2012;
Soman et al. , 2013;
Soman et al. , 2012;
Soman et al. , 2012;
Lin et al. , 2012