CRANIOFACIAL BONE - 3D Bioprinting and Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - page 215

FIGURE 10.2
(A) Ink-jet/binder print of the mandible out-of-stock material used to create the mold. Inset: PGA/PLA composite
scaffold made by casting the polymer composite in a mold. Adapted from ref ( Xu et al., 2010 ). (B) 3D powder print
of TCP particles with a phosphoric acid binder. Scaffolds are implanted in a human cadaver skull. Adapted from ref
( Klammert et al., 2010 ). (C) Reconstructed model of a human maxilla used to create the print to the right. (D) Final
porous PCL maxilla scaffold at full scale. (E) Reconstructed model of a human mandible used to create the print to
the right. (F) Final porous PCL mandible scaffold at full scale. Panels C-F adapted from Temple et al. (2014) .
(CaHPO 4 ·2H 2 O). Exposing the scaffolds to high temperature (120 ˚C) in an autoclave for 2 h resulted
in the formation of monetite (CaHPO 4 ), also a cement. Both these techniques mimic the mineral com-
position of native bone. With this 3DP method they were able to fabricate segments of the mandible,