BIOMATERIALS FOR BIOPRINTING - 3D Bioprinting and Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - page 140

6.6 CONCLUSION
The development of materials specific for bioprinting is still in its infancy, as much of the biomaterials
used for this technology are mainly based on the current materials used in tissue engineering. Most of
these materials usually lack processing capability in terms of fast gelation time and good mechanical
strength, thus impacting the overall fidelity of the construct. The ideal hydrogel must have features such
as good porosity and particle size, low amount of residual monomer and soluble content, pH neutrality,
nontoxicity, photostability, high durability, stability during cell culturing and storage, and high degrad-
ability without forming toxic chemicals. The combined use of solid and soft scaffold may potentially
lead to the production of scaffolds possessing both mechanical strength and ECM mimicry features.
However, this method of integrating these materials may be viable only for bone tissue regeneration
due to their overall mechanical properties. Hence, in the future, smarter and more mechanically stable
hydrogels must be developed to ultimately serve as the “bioink” for bioprinting tissue constructs.
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