Planning considerations - Living Roofs in Integrated Urban Water Systems - page 88

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1 Wind turbines on rooftops in cities are considered problematic for various reasons,
including lack of eficiency, noise and aesthetics (Dutton et al. 2005; Wilson 2009).
2 Taproot plants are problematic plants that are dificult to eradicate due to their relatively
straight-shaped, deep and downward-growing roots.
3 For a more comprehensive discussion see Snodgrass and McIntyre (2010).
4 If considering the embedded environmental footprint and life-cycle assessment of
plastics, an argument could be made against the use of these materials in living roof
assemblies. Plastic materials are most often the products of environmentally
hazardous manufacturing processes, and are non-biodegradable. While the authors
discourage the use of plastic materials we consider that for this application and at
this point in time, plastics offer the best solution - in many cases, a living roof with
plastic components is better than no living roof at all. This is historically a contentious
issue and merits further discussion and consideration by practitioners and researchers
alike.
5 Snodgrass and McIntyre (2010) show monthly changes of a Maryland extensive living
roof.
6 See Dunnett and Kingsbury (2008) for more information on the impact of seasonality
and plant selection on living roof aesthetics.
7 The uSDA (1986) methodology and continued advice in the National Engineering
Handbook Part 630 is thoroughly investigated in ASCE (Hawkins et al. 2009). The latter
provides insightful advice on beneits and limitations of the NEH, and offers practical
solutions for determining CN s from a wide variety of possible data sets, supported by
signiicant research.
8 Worldwide climate zone maps are found at http://koeppen- geiger.vu- wien.ac.at/, which
are derived from Kottek et al. (2006) and Rubel and Kottek (2010).
9 The National Engineering Handbook Chp 10 reminds users that “Rainfall-runoff data do
not it the curve number runoff concept precisely” (NRCS 2004b: 10-5).
references
Abrams, G. (2009) Stormwater Mitigation Issues and Strategies , presented at Sustainable
Communities Conference, Dallas. Available at: www.cleanairinfo.com/sustainable
skylines/documents/Presentations/Track%205/Session%204%20-%20
Stormwater%20Mitigation%20Issues%20and%20Strategies%20Part%201/02-GLE
~1.pdf (accessed November 29, 2010).
Alberta Environmental Protection (1999). Stormwater Management Guidelines for the
Province of Alberta . Edmonton: Alberta Environmental Protection. Available at:
http://environment.gov.ab.ca/info/library/6786.pdf (accessed May 2008).
Alfredo, K., Montalto, F. and Goldstein, A. (2010). Observed and Modeled Performances of
Prototype Green Roof Test Plots Subjected to Simulated Low- and High- Intensity
Precipitations in a Laboratory Experiment. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering , 15
(6): 444-457.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) (2008) Standard Guide for Selection,
Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for Green Roof Systems . E2400-06.
Pennsylvania: West Conchohocken.
ANSI/SPRI RP- 14 (2010). Wind Design Standard for Vegetative Rooing Systems, Approved
6/3/2010. Waltham, MA: SPRI.
Auckland Regional Council (ARC) (1999). Guidelines for Stormwater Runoff Modelling
in the Auckland Region. Prepared by Beca Carter Hollings & Ferner Ltd for