Aerospace Toxicology Overview: Aerial Application and Cabin Air Quality - Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - page 23

Table 1 (continued)
Agent(s) or topic Summary Reference

Serum or plasma cholinest-
erase methods

Evaluation of four serum or plasma cholinest-
erase methods and relationships for intercon-
version among their respective units

Crane et al.
( 1972 )

Emphasis on the importance of the cholinesterase
test in applicators prior to the aerial applica-
tion season

Effects on performance of
pigeons and monkeys of
phosdrin (mevinphos), a
cholinesterase inhibitor

A dose related decrease in response rate with the
animals and decrements in behavior at doses
below which external symptoms of phosdrin
poisoning occurred

Lewis et al.
( 1972 )

Mevinphos (phosdrin) Inhibition of the amplitude of hippocampal-

evoked potentials in squirrel monkeys by
mevinphos (phosdrin) in the dose range of
0.05-0.2 mg/kg, with no peripheral signs of
poisoning such as tremor and salivation

Revzin ( 1973a )

Emphasis that mevinphos produces changes in
brain function in the absence of the peripheral
symptomatology usually taken as indicators
of poisoning by aerial applicator personnel
Conclusion that exposure to mevinphos may be
unexpectedly hazardous since the aerial
applicators may be unaware that they have
been poisoned

Mevinphos poisoning with
atropine

Based upon squirrel monkey experiments,
potentially hazardous dysfunctions of visual
perception in aerial applicator personnel
being treated for mevinphos poisoning with
atropine

Revzin ( 1973b )

Toxicological indings in
fatal civil aviation
accidents (1968-1974)

Blood cholinesterase activity below the lower
limit of the normal range in 44 of the 104
aerial applicator pilots

Laceield et al.
( 1975 )

Chlordimeform Little or no extra risk in aerial applicators (or

others) should they be taking p -chloropheny-
lalanine, DL- a -methyl- p -tyrosine, phen-
tolamine, methysergide, and phenylephrine
during potential exposure to chlordimeform

Smith et al.
( 1977 )

Toxicological evaluation
of postmortem samples
from 174 pilots killed in
aerial application
accidents

Incidence of alcohol in specimens similar for
agriculture pilots and other general aviation
pilots, but the alcohol blood levels tended to
be lower in the former category of pilots

Laceield et al.
( 1978 )

Evidence of the use of drugs or medications less
in agriculture pilots than in other general
aviation pilots
Cholinesterase levels below normal in the
agriculture pilots, suggesting a continuing
problem of acute and/or chronic toxicity from
pesticides applied by agricultural aircraft