Image Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2.1 (continued)
Influence on the
perceived
Sensory
modality(ies)
addressed
Main
dimension
(s) involved
(correlation
sign in parenthesis)
...
System factors
Olfactory effects [
73
-
75
]
QoE (+), relevance (+),
reality (+), and enjoyment
(+)
Olfacception
Extensiveness,
surrounding,
inclusiveness
Synchronization errors
(outside the tolerance
range) between video
+ audio or video without
audio and olfaction [
73
,
74
]
QoE (
), relevance (
),
Sight, hearing,
olfacception
Vividness
reality (
), and enjoyment
(
)
Audio-video asynchrony
(in particular, audio-led
asynchrony) [
28
,
77
,
78
]
Clarity of the message (
),
Sight, hearing
Vividness
distraction (+)
Stereoscopic disparities:
large disparity at short
convergence distances [
79
,
81
]
Presence (
), enjoyment
(
), QoE (
)
Sight
Vividness
Presence (
), enjoyment
(
), QoE (
)
(In stereoscopy) spatial
distortions: shifts, magnifi-
cation, rotation, keystone
[
80
,
81
]
Sight
Vividness
(In stereoscopy) photomet-
ric asymmetries: lumi-
nance, color, contrast,
crosstalk [
80
,
81
]
Presence (
), enjoyment
Sight
Vividness
(
), QoE (
)
Immersive technology (PC,
big screen, HMD) [
82
]
Simulation sickness (+)
Sight
Inclusiveness,
surrounding
geometric field-of-view are also explored in [
22
,
60
-
62
]. The reported level of
presence was positively influenced by the use of tracking, stereoscopic, and spatial
and object cues [
22
,
60
]. Presence was also correlated with the geometric field-of-
view, showing an asymptotic behavior for field-of-view values beyond 140
[
60
,
61
].
The experience of a theatrical performance and television using interactive
omnidirectional video is qualitatively explored in [
63
]. Participants referred to the
experience—in cognitive and physical terms—as being
discovering and exploring
the (mediated) environment
. They also described transitions between the real and
the displayed environment as disturbing and therefore, requiring a recalibration of
the senses. Under this engaging experience, narrative was pushed to a second place
and the hand-based interaction put in place was qualified as highly intuitive. The
authors conclude that interactivity may influence the perception of narrative and
therefore, these factors need to be carefully balanced to maximize presence.
Pictorial realism, observer interactivity, and delay of visual feedback are ana-
lyzed in [
64
,
65
]. Realism and interactivity were shown to have a positive impact on
presence while delay of visual feedback had an opposite effect. Participants
reported a relative low influence of pictorial realism on presence in comparison
