Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
This project deals with the analysis, study and application of modelling, control
and optimization strategies (in the framework of Model-based Predictive Control
(MPC)) to achieve an efficient energy management in renewable energy micro-grids.
The problem is composed of different control levels, because decisions about the final
use of the available energy have to bemade and there are therefore different objectives
(minimise the use of conventional fossil energy sources, economic, environmental
and quality aspects, etc.) that give rise to a hierarchical control problem that requires
coordination and cooperation among systems.
In the context of the sub-project entitled
Supervision and control strategies for
the integrated management of installations inside energy efficient environments
,the
environments that it makes reference to are characterized by an optimal combination
of solar energy, biomass and conventional energy in the production of electricity and
heat process for climate control, illumination, drinkingwater, transport, power supply
to machines and equipments and air enrichment with CO
2
. Therefore, a key factor
lies in trying to adapt the demand to the energy production, and vice versa; thus, to
reach this aim the use of MPC algorithms is a suitable choice. In order to demonstrate
the applicability of the developed techniques the following environment is used: a
bioclimatic building (comfort control problem using a solar cooling installation and
electricity generated by means of a photovoltaic plant), a greenhouse (crop growth
control using solar energy), a desalination plant (drinking water production by means
of solar energy) and an electric vehicle (energy management in electric vehicles and
storage and use of energy), see Fig.
1.5
. Within the framework of this research project,
the main role of the CDdI-CIESOL-ARFRISOL building is to produce process heat
for heating and cooling using low temperature solar collectors and also electricity
through a photovoltaic plant, to cover the demand of the building itself, a greenhouse
and an electric vehicle. The energy excess is stored in thermal storage systems and
batteries.
1.4 Outline of Chapters
This topic is organized into several chapterswhose contents are briefly described here.
An abstract is included at the beginning of each chapter to provide more information
about its content. In addition, a summary and a conclusions section is included in all
the chapters, except in the first and last ones.
Chapter 1—Introduction.
The context, scope of the research, main objectives
and the structure of this topic are presented in this chapter. Besides, a historical
perspective and the current situation on energy management in buildings in the
European Union, with more details in the particular case of Spain, are included.
Chapter 2—A case study: The CDdI-CIESOL-ARFRISOL building.
This
chapter presents a complete description of the CDdI-CIESOL-ARFRISOL build-
ing, which has been used to test the control systems developed within the scope of
this topic. Therefore, in this chapter different bioclimatic approaches are discussed
