Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
irreversible illness. Wastes in accordance with these criteria are known as
Acute Hazardous Wastes.
•
When improperly treated, stored, transported, or disposed of, the waste
is capable of posing a substantial threat to human health and the environ-
ment. Such wastes are known as Toxic Listed Wastes.
•
EPA has reason to believe that the waste is typically or frequently haz-
ardous under the statutory definition of hazardous waste.
EPA has grouped hundreds of specific hazardous wastes into three categories
located at 40 CFR 261, Subpart D under the listing criteria, as follows:
(a) Nonspecific Source Wastes
The nonspecific source wastes, codified in regulations at 40 CFR 261.31, are also
called F list wastes, which means the identification code begin with the letter F.
They are commonly produced by manufacturing and industrial processes. In brief,
the nonspecific source wastes consist of seven groups:
4
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Spent solvent wastes (Codes from F001 to F005) that generated from the
use of certain common organic solvents widely used in various industries
such as dry cleaning, electronics manufacturing, degreasing, and cleaning.
They mostly consist of the spent halogenated solvents, including methyl-
ene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, and chlorobenzene, and nonhaloge-
nated solvents, including xylene, acetone, ethylbenzene, cyclohexanone,
toluene, pyridine, and methanol.
•
Electroplating and other metal finishing wastes (Codes from F006 to F012,
including F019) generated from electroplating, metal heat treating oper-
ations, and aluminum can washing processes. Examples include spent
cyanide plating bath solutions, wastewater treatment sludges, and quench-
ing bath residues.
•
Dioxin-bearing wastes (Codes from F020 to F023, and from F026 to F028)
generated from production of specific pesticides or specific chemicals used
in the production of pesticides such as wastes from the discarded unused
formulations and residues from incineration or thermal treatment containing
tri- or tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, and hexachlorophene.
•
Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon production wastes (F024 and F025)
produced from the manufacture of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons
having carbon chain lengths ranging from one to five, with varying
amounts and positions of chlorine substitution.
•
Wood-preserving wastes (F032, F034 and F035) generated from wood-
preserving operations such as coating lumber with pentachlorophenol,
creosote, or preservatives containing arsenic or chromium.
•
Petroleum refinery wastewater treatment sludges (F037 and F038) gener-
ated from the gravitational and physical/chemical separations of
oil/water/solids during the storage or treatment of process wastewaters
and oily cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries.
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