Leaching Processes and Evaluation Tests for Inorganic Constituent Release from Cement-Based Matrices - Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous, Radioactive, and Mixed Wastes - page 249

TABLE 10.1
Comparison of Selected Equilibrium Tests

Status,
Application,
Procedural Group

Test Name
(reference)

PH
Control

L/S
Ratio

MPS
[mm]

CT
[hr]

Output
Information Leachant Comment/Criticism

Toxicity
Characteristic
Leaching
Procedure 176
(Method 1311)

U.S. Regulatory
Standard
Field Mimicking
Single-Batch
Extraction

Acetic acid
(buffered
w/1-N
NaOH)

Initial leachant
acidity
a) pH 2.88
b) pH 4.93

20:1
(m/m)

9.5 18 Pass/Fail -

leachate conc.
[mg/L] vs. TC
listing.

Field mimic used for screening.
Arbitrary final pH, not reported.
Not applicable for S/S alkalinity.
Assumes mismanagement of co-disposal
with municipal solid waste.
Monolith property not credited.

Synthetic
Precipitation
Leaching
Procedure 177
(Method 1312)

U.S. Regulatory
Standard
Field Mimicking
Single-Batch
Extraction

Dilute
sulfuric/
nitric acid
(60/40) a

Initial leachant
acidity -
initial pH 4.2
or 5.

20:1
(m/m)

9.5 18 Concentration.

[mg/L]

Field mimic used for screening.
Alternative to TCLP for disposal other
than MSW landfill.
Arbitrary final pH, not reported.
Cannot extend data to other scenarios
than monofill exposed to acidic
precipitation.

ASTM D
3987 189

U.S. Standard Test
Screening
Single-Batch
Extraction

DI water — 20:1

(v/m)

- 18 Concentration.

[mg/L]

Rapid on-site extraction - not intended to
simulate site-specific conditions.
Size reduction not required - equilibrium
or kinetic control?

DIN 38 414
S4 190

German Regulatory
Std. b
Screening
Single-Batch

DI water — 10:1

(v/m)

- 24 Concentration.

[mg/L]

Assumes equilibrium with buffering by
waste.
Size reduction not required - equilibrium
or kinetic control?