Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
site characteristics, performance objectives are established. Based on the perfor-
mance objectives, a technology is selected mainly based on the following criteria:
•
Overall effectiveness in protection of human health and the environment
•
Compliance with applicable or relevant regulations and requirements
•
Implementability
•
Cost-effectiveness
In the broadest sense, most wastes or contaminated sites are potentially treatable
with S/S. In some cases, it may require pretreatment or coupling with other tech-
nologies. If S/S is regarded as a potentially suitable technology, then the general
decision flowpath illustrated in Figure 2.2 can be followed.
6,7
During the past two decades, S/S technologies have been widely used for haz-
ardous waste disposal and remediation of contaminated sites. EPA has identified S/S
as the BDAT for 57 RCRA-listed hazardous wastes, as shown in Table 2.1.
About 30%
6
of the Superfund remediation sites used S/S technologies.
8
Waste Potentially
Suitable for S/S
Ye s
Pretreatment
Required?
No
Is
Pretreatment
Possible?
Ye
s
P
retreatment (Dewatering,
Phase Separation, Trash
Removal, etc.)
No
S/S Screening Tests
Ye s
Is Further
Testing
Justified?
No
No
Reject
Pass Tests?
Ye s
Optimize Formulation
Continuing QA/QC
for Product
Landfill Disposal
FIGURE 2.2
S/S decision flowchart at an RCRA TSDF.
6,7
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