Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10
Leaching Processes and
Evaluation Tests for
Inorganic Constituent
Release from Cement-
Based Matrices
Andrew C. Garrabrants and David S. Kosson
CONTENTS
10.1
Introduction .................................................................................................. 230
10.2
Leaching Mechanisms.................................................................................. 231
10.2.1 Geochemical Control ....................................................................... 231
10.2.2 Sorption and Desorption .................................................................. 232
10.2.3 Mass-Transport Control ................................................................... 232
10.2.3.1 Diffusion Within Pores ..................................................... 232
10.2.3.2 Advection .......................................................................... 232
10.2.3.3 Dispersion ......................................................................... 232
10.2.3.4 Crack Flow........................................................................ 233
10.3
Factors Influencing Contaminant Release ................................................... 233
10.3.1 S/S Matrix Properties....................................................................... 234
10.3.1.1 Hydration Products ........................................................... 234
10.3.1.2 Hydraulic Conductivity..................................................... 235
10.3.1.3 Acid Neutralization Capacity ........................................... 236
10.3.2 Release Conditions........................................................................... 236
10.3.2.1 Flow Regime..................................................................... 237
10.3.2.2 Infiltration Rate ................................................................. 237
10.3.2.3 Groundwater Composition................................................ 238
10.3.2.4 Particle Size of the Disposed Fill..................................... 240
10.3.2.5 Temperature ...................................................................... 240
10.3.3 Material Aging ................................................................................. 241
10.3.3.1 Internal Stresses ................................................................ 241
10.3.3.2 External Stresses ............................................................... 242
10.4
Overview of Leaching Tests ........................................................................ 243
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