Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2.6 Anti-air-shock wave ability of buildings
Pressure of air shock
waves
Damage of buildings
Δ
P (MPa)
<0.002
Little damage of buildings, few cracks on the window glass,
seldom window shaking out
0.002
0.012
Little mild damage, part or large part of window glass broken
-
0.012
0.030
Mild damage, all glass broken, part doors and windows broken,
cracks (<0.5 mm) and tilt of brick walls, building top shaking out
-
0.030
-
0.050
Medium damage, cracks (0.5
-
5 mm) and tilt (10
-
100) of brick
walls, cracks of concrete walls, building top shaking out, most
part damage
0.050
-
0.076
Severe damage, windows and doors destroyed, cracks (>50 mm)
and high tilt of brick walls, partial falling down, severe cracks of
concrete walls, falling down of brick buildings
>0.076
Falling down of brick walls and concrete buildings
After all constants are merged, Eq.
2.93
is simpli
ed as
2.94
.
R ¼ k
W
p
ð
2
:
94
Þ
cient k is related with targeted staff. Some are found in Table
2.5
According to the experiments and experience from scientists of all over the
world, the anti-air-shock wave ability of buildings is concluded in Table
2.6
.
(2) Damage of air shock waves for human
Liquid explosives have very strong shock waves, especially the resonant waves
produced in the group explosion. The writer used 200 kg XJ-1 explosive, and
separated them into 66 bottles/cans with 3,000 g each. These 66 bottles are placed
on 900 mm
The coef
×
900 mm square ground with two layers. The explosion effect is in
Fig.
2.32
.
The super pressure data of group explosion are listed in Table
2.7
.
The data in Table
2.7
indicate that the explosion super pressure of XJ-1 liquid
explosive reaches 1.063 MPa at 20 m away from explosion center. It is imaginable
Fig. 2.32 Explosion of XJ-1
explosive (200 kg)
