Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Q
C
p
, the resulting equation is in
2.16
.
Combine Eqs.
2.15
and
2.7
at T
1
T
0
¼
s
4
k
R
2
T
1
C
p
q
2
E
2
M
N
Ze
E
=
RT
q
u ¼
ð
2
:
16
Þ
p
p
d
2
um
2
. Here, d is the diameter of diethylene-
glycol dinitrate molecules; u is the moleculer speed; m is the number of diethyl-
eneglycol dinitrate molecules in cm
3
. According to kinetic moleculer theory,
The collision number Z ¼
r
P
2
N
2
R
2
T
1
RT
1
M
p
6
Z
¼
p
d
ð
:
Þ
2
17
cult to determine the diameter of diethyleneglycol dinitrate from
experiments. Zeng et al. [
3
] analyzed the thermal decomposition mechanism of
nitrate ether and suggested the diameter d ¼
It
is dif
10
8
cm
of one ether, whose
molecular weight is very close to diethyleneglycol dinitrate. The collision number
is,
ð
5
:
10
Þ
10
28
Z
¼
:
1
19
Use the collision number in Eq.
2.16
. Then, the calculated mass combustion
speed is
s
4
4
2
10
4
2
2
1650
ð
Þ
0
:
35
152
ql
¼
10
25
1
:
19
10
28
e
E
=
2
1050
2
:
6
ð
1921
:
05
Þ
E
2
r
1
g
cm
2
s
:
12
10
11
¼
e
E
=
2
1050
E
2
The experiment data is 0.045 g/cm
2
s. The activation energy of diethyleneglycol
dinitrate is 146,440 J. These data match the calculated ones.
2.2.1.3 Combustion of Nonvolatile Liquid Explosives
When the nonvolatile liquid explosives are heated, they do not evaporate, but
decompose before the temperature reaches the boiling point. The reaction in the
liquid takes a very important part such as in nitro compounds, nitra-amine explo-
sives, nitrocellulose gunpowders, nitroglycerine gunpowders, etc.
The combustion/reactions of the nonvolatile liquid explosives have three dif-
ferent stages.
