Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 7.5 Process flow for the
manufacturing of XJ-I liquid
explosives
1-Nitric acid storage tank;
2-Toluene storage tank;
3-Nitric acid measuring
barrel;
4-Tolune measuring barrel;
5-Reaction mixing cooler;
6-Waste
container;
7-Temperaory storage tank;
8-Storage tank
②
Effect of Application
Initially, detonators and water-proof detonating kits were used to afford reliable
initiation, later, detonating cords were employed for safety purpose. Butter can be
applied on the surface of detonating cord to ensure the water-proof-ness of detonate
kits. XJ-I explosives have been employed in iron-ore blasting experiments,
affording interesting results as follows: decent blasting effect is evident in hard rock
blasting and water hole blasting, and the costs of transmitting detonation has been
reduced up to 22 %; problems involved in the hard rock blasting and water-rich
hole blasting have been solved, and the labor intensity needed for the processing
and operation of explosives is also reduced, which ultimately improve working
conditions and are welcomed by mining
fields all over the world.
Nitric acid can also be combined with other substances to afford liquid explosive
mixtures, and their composition and explosion properties are described as follows:
for the mixture of 33.5 % di-nitrotoluene, 50.0 % nitric acid and 16.5 % H
2
O, the
detonation velocity is 6,700 m/s in a 30 mm diameter glass tube; for the mixture of
47.0 % TNT, 50.0 % nitric acid, and 3.0 % H
2
O, the detonation velocity is 7,500 m/
sina40
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