Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
6.4.2.1 Properties of 1,3-Diazido-2-Nitryloxypropane
The molecular formula: C
3
H
5
N
7
O
3
The chemical structure:
H
N
3
H
2
C
C
CH
2
N
3
ONO
2
The molecular weight: 187.09
The oxygen balance:
47.04 % (calculated according to the production CO
2
)
The nitrogen content: 52.34 %
The freezing point: <
−
15
°
C
−
The melting point: 154
C
The relative density: 1.0059 (20/4)
The color and appearance: light yellow oily liquid
The refraction: 1.435820
The solubility: soluble in water, alcohol, and ether
The decomposition temperature: 188
°
°
C (a second endothermic peak at
149.5
C)
The friction sensitivity: 90 %
The impact sensitivity: 50 % with limit drop height 31.5 m (drop weight:
1.2 kg); while nitroglycerine is 100 % with 2 kg drop weight with 25 cm drop
height; DANG reacts 12
°
13 h at 90
±
3
°
C; the intermediates (azido alcohols) does
-
not decompose at 90
°
C for 10 h.
6.4.2.2 Preparation of 1,3-Diazido-2-Nitryloxypropane
The theoretical analysis of 1,3-diazido-2-nitryloxypropane syntheses indicates that
the azidization replacement reaction of nitroglycerine derives three new azido
nitrates. This study voided the danger of NG raw materials, and designed other
three routes to synthesize azido nitroglycerine.
(1) 1,3-dichloropropanol as raw materials
NaN
3
Nitrification
N
3
CH
2
CHCH
2
N
3
OH
ClCH
2
CHCH
2
Cl
OH
N
3
CH
2
CHCH
2
N
3
ONO
2
(LDANG)
Hysrolysis
HAc
NaN
3
ClCH
2
CHCH
2
Cl
OAc
N
3
CH
2
CHCH
2
N
3
OAc
