Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
H
NO
2
NO
2
HCHO
HCl
NaN
3
DMF
R
N
NO
2
R
N
CH
2
Cl
R
N
CH
2
N
3
Take the synthesis reaction of 3-nitro-1,5-diazido-3-nitrogen-pentane (2) as an
example. Diethanolamine is the raw materials. The reactions of nitri
cation and
azidization are below.
(1)HNO
3
(2)HNO
3
(CH
3
CO)
2
O
O
2
N
N
CH
2
CH
2
ONO
2
NaN
3
DMSO 80
HN(CH
2
CH
2
OH)
2
O
2
N
N
CH
2
CH
2
N
3
CH
2
CH
2
ONO
2
reflux
CH
2
CH
2
N
3
Metallic organic azido compounds are novel energetic materials, which is used
in the
firelighter/ignition agent of solid and liquid propellants. Take azido diethyl
aluminum as an example, its reaction is below.
solvent
NaN
3
þ
(CH
3
CH
2
Þ
2
AICI
!
ð
CH
3
CH
2
Þ
2
AIN
3
The rapid decomposition of azido compounds results the shotpoint and initia-
tion. Because of the rapidity of gas production, azido compounds are used in the
airbags of cars.
6.2 Properties and Preparation of Azidoalkane [
35
]
6.2.1 Properties and Preparation of Azidomethane
Azidomethane is a colorless and transparent oily liquid with aromatic odor. Its
speci
c density is a little larger than that of nitromethane.
6.2.1.1 Properties of Azidomethane
The molecular formula of azidomethane: CH
3
N
3
The chemical structure of azidomethane:
H
H
C
N
3
H