Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
H
NO 2
NO 2
HCHO
HCl
NaN 3
DMF
R
N
NO 2
R
N
CH 2 Cl
R
N
CH 2 N 3
Take the synthesis reaction of 3-nitro-1,5-diazido-3-nitrogen-pentane (2) as an
example. Diethanolamine is the raw materials. The reactions of nitri
cation and
azidization are below.
(1)HNO 3
(2)HNO 3 (CH 3 CO) 2 O
O 2 N
N
CH 2 CH 2 ONO 2 NaN 3
DMSO 80
HN(CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2
O 2 N
N
CH 2 CH 2 N 3
CH 2 CH 2 ONO 2
reflux
CH 2 CH 2 N 3
Metallic organic azido compounds are novel energetic materials, which is used
in the
firelighter/ignition agent of solid and liquid propellants. Take azido diethyl
aluminum as an example, its reaction is below.
solvent
NaN 3 þ
(CH 3 CH 2 Þ 2 AICI
!
ð
CH 3 CH 2 Þ 2 AIN 3
The rapid decomposition of azido compounds results the shotpoint and initia-
tion. Because of the rapidity of gas production, azido compounds are used in the
airbags of cars.
6.2 Properties and Preparation of Azidoalkane [ 35 ]
6.2.1 Properties and Preparation of Azidomethane
Azidomethane is a colorless and transparent oily liquid with aromatic odor. Its
speci
c density is a little larger than that of nitromethane.
6.2.1.1 Properties of Azidomethane
The molecular formula of azidomethane: CH 3 N 3
The chemical structure of azidomethane:
H
H
C
N 3
H
 
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