Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The amount of mixed acid in the nitration of diglycerine is slightly less than that
for glycerine. Because of its high viscosity, diglycerine needs to be heated to 50
-
60
C before adding into a nitration reactor. In nitration reaction, upper-dropwise
addition method is adopted. Meanwhile, an inert gas goes into the nitration solution
of mixed acid for bubbling to control the reaction smoothly.
The separation of nitro diglycerine is much slower than nitroglycerine because of
its high viscosity. Impure diglycerine would produce an emulsion. The separated
nitro diglycerine will be washed by a salt solution, which can prevent nitration
solution from emulsi
°
cation. The water formed in the washing process is more
dif
cult to be removed than nitroglycerine.
100 kg diglycerine can produce 181.7 kg nitro diglycerine with a yield of
87.6 %.
Nitro diglycerine is mainly used to produce dynamites with a low freezing point
or other liquid explosive mixtures, which property is better than chloroglycerine
dinitrate because it is insoluble to water and there is no hydrogen chloride in
explosive products. It is easy to prepare the mixture of diglycerine and glycerine,
having a cost advantage of raw materials. The disadvantage is that diglycerine
'
s
viscosity is too high. It causes the dif
culty of removing diglycerine in products.
Furthermore, emulsi
cation would be happened in the process of water-washing.
A new explosive mixture can be obtained by mixing nitro diglycerine with
glycol dinitrate, other nitrate esters, and combustibles and applied in civil engi-
neering explosion and mining explosion.
References
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4. Yebin S (1992) Military composite explosives. Beijing
5. Wu C (1980) The chemical technology of nitroglycerin. Beijing
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technology. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 404
-
405
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110
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70
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study to compare nitroglycerin plus oral vinorelbine plus cisplatin with oral vinorelbine plus
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