Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CH
2
Cl
O
CH
2
Cl
2CH
2
O+2HCl
+H
2
O
CH
2
Cl
O
CH
2
Cl
CH
2
ONO
2
O
CH
2
NO
2
In the reaction, chlorine ether of ClCH
2
OCH
2
OCH
2
Cl is formed. The chlorine
ether will be converted to another nitrate ester, O
2
NOCH
2
-
HNO
3
H
2
SO
4
O
CH
2
OCH
2
NO
2
, with
-
boiling point of 88
C (9 mmHg) in the later nitration reaction. Nitromethoxy
methanol nitrate is more volatile than glycol nitrate, but less than other nitro nitrate
esters.
°
5.3.5.8 Property and Preparation of Chloroglycerine Dinitrate [
3
]
Chloroglycerine dinitrate is a liquid explosive with explosion strength only less
than nitroglycerine. Such an explosive property attracted people
s attention in early
year. In 1904, chloroglycerine dinitrate was used to mix with nitroglycerine to
produce cold-tolerant dynamite. The commercial product of chloroglycerine dini-
trate is a mixture of two isomers, mainly
'
ʱ
-isomer. Chloroglycerine dinitrate can
move as a liquid even at
−
20
°
C.
(1) Property of chloroglycerine dinitrate
Molecular formula: C
3
H
5
N
2
O
6
Cl
Chemical structure:
CH
2
ONO
2
CH
2
ONO
2
CHONO
2
CHCl
CH
2
Cl
CH
2
ONO
2
ʱ
-isomer
ʲ
-isomer
Molecular weight: 200.57
Oxygen balance:
−
19.94 % (CO
2
-based)
Nitrogen content: 13.96 %
The melting points of
C, respectively.
The density of chloroglycerine dinitrate is 1.541 (15
°
C) and the explosion heat is
4769.76 J/g. It is slightly decomposed at 117.5
ʱ
-isomer and
ʲ
-isomer are 5 and 16.5
°
C (10 mmHg). The commercial
product of chloroglycerine dinitrate would be boiled and quickly decomposed at
190
°
C. Its volatility is slightly higher than nitroglycerine. The weight loss of
chloroglycerine dinitrate in an open container of 50 mm diameter at 75
°
°
C for 24 h
is 3.1 %, while it
is 0.35 % for nitroglycerine. Chloroglycerine dinitrate is
