Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Melting point (
°
C):
−
40
Viscosity (20
C): 2.5 times to nitroglycerine
Hygroscopicity: 0144 at relative humidity of 65, similar with diethylene dinitrate
Volatility: about 1/5
°
1/6 value of nitroglycerine.
Triethylene glycol dinitrate is an oily liquid with similar chemical properties
with diethylene glycol dinitrate. Its thermal stability is better than nitroglycerine.
The time is up to 40 min at 72
-
°
C in the Abel test. 100 g water can dissolve 0.7 g
triethylene glycol dinitrate at 20
C and the solubility is increased with decreasing
pH value. Triethylene glycol dinitrate can be dissolved into diethyl ether, acetone,
and acetic acid, but cannot be dissolved into alcohols. It has strong plastic solubility
to cellulose nitrate, as one of the most strong polybasic alcohol nitrates to dissolve
plastics.
°
5.3.3.2 Explosive Property
The explosion heat of triethylene glycol dinitrate is 3,138 J/g and the explosion heat
of constant volume is 2629.2 J/g or 613.37 kJ/mol. Its speci
c volume is 1,214 mL/g
(liquid water). The explosion temperature is 2,100 K. Its lead-block value is 320 mL.
The coef
cient is 44.18 J/g. The
coefficient of specific volume is 12.13 mL/g. The explosion point is 245
°
C.
Triethylene glycol dinitrate is insensitive to shock. Its shock sensitivity is similar
with dinitrobenzene. The height is 100 cm for 2 kg falling weight.
cient of explosion heat is 26.07 J/g. The heat coef
5.3.3.3 Preparation of Triethylene Glycol Dinitrate [
15
]
Triethylene glycol dinitrate has the same production process as nitroglycerine and
diethylene glycol dinitrate, including mechanism, method, unit, and procedure.
The main reaction is expressed as the following equation:
C
6
H
12
O
2
(ONO
2
)
2
+2H
2
O
C
6
H
12
O
2
(OH)
2
+2HNO
3
150
126
36
240.17
100
The theoretical yield is 160 %, but the real yield is only 89.2 % of the theoretical
yield with the maximum of up to 91.55 %. The main conditions are shown below.
The composition of the mixed acid: 70 % HNO
3
and 30 % H
2
SO
4
Nitration coef
160
cient: 2.5.
In container-type nitrator, the nitration of 500 kg triethylene glycol will be
finished in 30 min.
The solubility of triethylene glycol dinitrate in waste acids is quite high, up to
8
9 %. Thus, the waste acids are easy to be decomposed and it is more dangerous to
treat those waste acids. Water must be added into the separated waste acids to
-
