Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Molecular weight: 174.07
Oxygen balance:
50.55 % (CO 2 -based)
Nitrogen content: 8.04 %
Dichloroglycerol nitrate has two isomers,
ʱ
and
ʲ
with boiling points of 183 and
174
C, respectively. The mix of isomers can be added to nitroglycerine to produce
dynamite with low freezing point. Many properties of dichloroglycerol nitrate are
not compatible with explosives. It is more volatile than chlorinated glycerol dini-
trate. It is a poor solvent for collodion. Its explosive power is very small. The
explosive heat of dichloroglycerol nitrate is 1464.4 J/g and the lead-block value is
75 cm 3 with booster charges. The compound can be obtained in nitration of di-
chloroglycerol by anhydrous mixed acids. The theoretical yield is 94.5 %. That is,
100 units of dichloroglycerol can produce 127.5 units of dichloroglycerol nitrate.
°
5.3 Property and Preparation of Dibasic Alcohol Nitrates
5.3.1 Property and Preparation of Glycol Dinitrate
Glycol dinitrate, referred as to EGDN or GDN, is also called as nitrated glycol. It is
a transparent liquid and an important liquid explosive [ 67 ].
5.3.1.1 Chemical Physical Properties of Glycol Dinitrate
Molecular formula: C 2 H 4 N 2 O 6
Chemical structure:
H
H
O 2 NO
C
C
ONO 2
H
H
Molecular weight: 152.06
Oxygen balance: 0 % (CO 2 -based)
Nitrogen content: 18.42 %
The melting point of glycol dinitrate is
22.3 to
22.80
°
C and the boiling point is
197.5
C and the latent heat of fusion is 125.52 J/g.
Glycol dinitrate is nonhygroscopic. Its solubility in water is small and increased
with temperature elevation. The solubility of glycol dinitrate in 100 mL water is
listed in Table 5.11 .
Glycol dinitrate can be dissolved into most of organic solvents, slightly dis-
solved into carbon tetrachloride and gasoline. The solubility of collodion in glycol
dinitrate is higher than nitroglycerine and the volatility is 20 times higher than
°
C. It density is 1.489 g/mL at 2
°
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