Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 3
Formulation Design of Liquid Explosives
The explosion power capacity of explosives is related to the properties of explosive
materials, it is also closely related to its composition, which means that the
explosion strength of explosives is related to its oxygen balance. Therefore, oxygen
balance principle should be considered
first during the formulation design of liquid
explosive mixture from oxidant and
flammable agents. Based on the thermo-
chemistry of explosives, only when the oxygen balance is zero or close to zero, the
explosive system can release its maximum energy with the best explosion. Single
compound liquid explosive mainly has the oxygen balance characteristics of the
single compound; however, in liquid explosive mixture, all explosive components
should be mixed homogeneously in order to achieve a good consistency. Unifor-
mity of liquid explosive composition and stability of the system are also important
factors to be considered during the formulation design.
In a pure solution-type liquid explosive, the miscibility of formulation compo-
nents is the key factor; stability of the slurry-type and paste-type liquid explosive
system with suspended solid particles is the bottleneck of study.
The physical
fl
chemical stability and safe in the designed liquid explosive is related
to their practicability, which should be designed according to the general explosive
design rules; however,most of liquidexplosives aremixedat the constructionsiteor are
used within a short time after the preparation, therefore, reasonable indicators of liquid
explosives should be listed corresponding to their speci
-
c usage.
3.1 Effect of Oxygen Balance on the Explosive Properties
and Design Calculation of the Formulation
3.1.1 Design of Oxygen Balance
3.1.1.1 Calculation of Oxygen Balance
Explosion strength of explosives is related to its oxygen balance, most of the
explosives are composed of C, H, O, and N, and some explosives also contain other
