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5 Reflection on the HS Literature
It is an exciting time to be involved in the HS world. The literature is still relatively
small, but is growing rapidly as seen in Figure 1. A critical mass of researchers is
forming around the world. HS is expanding its horizons. From its original application
to civil engineering and benchmark problems, there are now studies in medicine,
process engineering, information technology, ecology and other disciplines. Fittingly,
the Harmony Search has been applied to musical composition and hearing aid design!
Surely the diversity of applications will continue grow as the algorithm becomes more
widely known.
More than half the HS publications to date use some modification of the original al-
gorithm. This chapter, and indeed this topic, may catalyse further development of the
method. In Chapter 1, Yang encouraged us to use heuristics to develop variant and hy-
brid HS algorithms. Mukhopadhyay and colleagues have shown us how a theoretical
approach can lead to algorithmic innovations. The authors hope that the classification
and summary in Section 4 may also help to inspire readers to further development of
the HS method. There are intriguing hints that the power of the original HS lays
somewhat untapped, let alone that of the modified algorithms.
References
1. Geem, Z.W.: Optimal design of water distribution networks using harmony search. PhD
thesis, Korea University (2000)
2. Geem, Z.W., Geem, W.B.: Cutting-edge optimization technique and its applications to the
civil engineering. The Magazine of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers 55, 340-349
(2007) (in Korean)
3. Geem, Z.W.: Harmony search applications in industry. In: Prasad, B. (ed.) Soft computing
applications in industry. Springer, Berlin (2008)
4. Lee, K.S., Geem, Z.W.: A new meta-heuristic algorithm for continuous engineering opti-
mization: harmony search theory and practice. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics
and Engineering 194, 3902-3933 (2005)
5. Yang, X.-S.: Nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms. Luniver, Frome (2008)
6. Ingram, G., Zhang, T.: An introduction to the harmony search algorithm. In: Rangaiah,
G.P. (ed.) Stochastic global optimization: techniques and applications in chemical engi-
neering. World Scientific, Singapore (accepted)
7. Geem, Z.W., Kim, J.H., Loganathan, G.V.: A new heuristic optimization algorithm: har-
mony search. Simulation 76, 60-68 (2001)
8. Lee, K.S., Geem, Z.W.: A new structural optimization method based on the harmony
search algorithm. Computers & Structures 82, 781-798 (2004)
9. Lee, K.S., Geem, Z.W., Lee, S.-H., et al.: The harmony search heuristic algorithm for dis-
crete structural optimization. Engineering Optimization 37, 663-684 (2005)
10. Geem, Z.W.: Optimal cost design of water distribution networks using harmony search.
Engineering Optimization 38, 259-277 (2006)
11. Li, L., Chi, S.-C., Lin, G.: Genetic algorithm incorporated with harmony procedure and its
application to searching of non-circular critical slip surface in soil slopes. Shuili Xuebao /
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 36, 913-918 (2005) (in Chinese)
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