Multicompartment Lipid Nanocarriers for Targeting of Cells Expressing Brain Receptors - Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architectures: Lyotropic Liquid Crystals - page 323

TABLE 11.2 Examples of Liposome Preparation Compatible with Peptide and
Protein Encapsulation

Biomolecule - to - Vector
Association Effi ciency
(%)

Peptide/Protein Embedded
in Lipid Carriers

Liposome Fabrication
Method

Adamantyltripeptides Dry lipid hydration —

Antiovalbumin antibodies Dry lipid hydration —

Basic fi broblast growth
factor

Freeze - thawing extrusion 75 - 80

Bovine serum albumin
(BSA)

Reversal evaporation 25 - 71

Double emulsifi cation 43 - 71

Freeze - thawing 20 - 45

Calcitonin Dry lipid hydration 20

Enkephalin Double emulsifi cation 50 - 85

Epidermal growth factor
receptor

Freeze - thawing extrusion 20 - 30

Hemoglobin Dry lipid hydration

extrusion

37 - 62

Horseradish peroxidase Extrusion 2 - 5

Human γ - globulin Dehydration - rehydration 30 - 31

Insulin Reverse phase evaporation,

freeze- thawing

30 - 82

Leishmania antigen Freeze - thawing extrusion —

Leridistim Double emulsifi cation ≥ 70

Leuprolide Dry lipid hydration, reverse

phase evaporation

37 - 76
33 - 72

Nerve growth factor Reverse phase evaporation 24 - 34

Octreotide Double emulsifi cation 50 - 85

Progenipoietin Double emulsifi cation 80 - 90

Superoxide dismutase Dry lipid hydration 1 - 13

Dehydration - rehydration 2 - 3

Pro - liposome 39 - 65

TAT peptide Extrusion —

Source : Adapted from Martins et al. (2007).

extended to targeting strategies employing a conjugation with specifi c mono-
clonal antibodies (Martin and Papahadjopoulos, 1982).

11.2.2.2 Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Obtained from Nonlamellar
Liquid Crystalline Phases Mariani et al. (1988) and Luzzati (1997) have
stressed the rich polymorphism of lipids, which can self-assemble into either
lamellar or nonlamellar phases including different inverse bicontinuous cubic
phases (Q II ), an inverse hexagonal (H II ) phase, a sponge (L 3 ) phase, reverse
micellar cubic phases, and so forth. By analogy with the liposomal dispersions,
prepared from a lamellar phase in excess water, these liquid crystalline phases