Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 14.8: Selected References on Potential Risks and Regulatory Issues Relevant to
Releasing Genetically Modified Arthropods into the Environment.
Table 14.8: (Continued)
l
Safe and fit genetically modified insects for pest control: from lab to field applications (Scolari et al.
2011).
l
Problem Formulation for the Environmental Risk Assessment of RNAi Plants
(Center for Environmental Risk
Assessment 2011).
l
Scientists and public involvement: a consultation on the relation between malaria, vector control and
transgenic mosquitoes (Boete 2011).
l
What ails
Wolbachia
transinfection to control disease vectors? (Sabesan and Jambulingam 2012).
Regulatory issues
l
Proposed guidelines for research involving the planned introduction into the environment of organisms
with deliberately modified hereditary traits: Notice,
U.S. Federal Register
Vol. 56(22), Friday, February 1,
1991, pp. 4134-4151.
l
Laboratory containment of transgenic arthropods (Hoy et al. 1997).
l
Science and the precautionary principle (Foster et al. 2000).
l
Status and Risk Assessment of the Use of Transgenic Arthropods in Plant Protection
(FAO/IAEA 2002).
l
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
(Convention on Biological Diversity 2003).
l
Bioconfinement of Animals: fish, shellfish, and insects (National Academy of Sciences 2004).
l
Bugs in the System? Issues in the Science and Regulation of Genetically Modified Insects
(Pew Initiative on Food and
Biotechnology 2004).
l
This report concludes that the “federal government [of the USA] lacks a coordinated regulatory
approach to ensure that all GM insects are reviewed for potential environmental, agricultural, food
safety, and public health risks. The regulations issued to date on genetically modified insects only cover
plant pests.” “
…
the issue is not so much the lack of legal authority as whether those authorities will be
used in a coordinated way to ensure an adequate and credible regulatory review of all relevant risks. In
the absence of such a coordinated policy framework, it is currently impossible to say whether federal
regulation adequately protects against possible public health, environmental, agricultural, and food-
safety risks.”
l
Status and Risk Assessment of the Use of Transgenic Arthropods in Plant Protection
(2006 FAO/IAEA).
l
Guidelines for Importation and Confined Field Release of Transgenic Arthropods in NAPPO Member Countries
(NAPPO 2007).
l
Guidance for contained field trials of vector mosquitoes engineered to contain a gene drive system:
recommendations of a scientific working group (Benedict et al. 2008).
l
Defining Environmental Risk Assessment Criteria for Genetically Modified Insects to be Placed on the EU Market
(Benedict et al. 2010).
l
The
Cartagena Protocol
and genetically modified mosquitoes (Marshall 2010). This article describes gaps
in the Protocol regarding genetically modified mosquitoes.
l
Science, regulation, and precedent for genetically modified insects (Mumford 2012).
l
Scientific standards and the regulation of genetically modified insects (Reeves et al. 2012).
