Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10
6
10
5
10
4
10
3
10
2
10
1
10
0
10
-1
10
-1
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
10
6
Recorded deaths
10
0
10
-2
10
-4
10
-6
10
-8
VI
VII
VIII
IX
MMI
31.2
Recorded and estimated fatalities (shown in top portion) for
historical earthquakes obtained using fatality ratio functions (shown in
bottom) derived for Turkey (
θ
=
11.07,
β
=
0.11,
ξ
=
1.53).
other factors in an effort to estimate the per capita wealth in the year 2000
for 119 countries. The wealth estimate per capita is an important and useful
indicator of economic well-being of a region or country. Since the per capita
wealth data are only available for the year 2000 (and not for other years in
the past), they are assumed constant here. However, if higher resolution per
capita wealth data become available for different time periods, one could
easily compute the exposure correction factors
α
region
specifi c to each region,
and use them for better hindcasting historical losses. Similarly it is also
plausible to infer per capita economic exposure using other indicators,
e.g., household wealth data (Davies
et al.
, 2007). Moving forward, we are
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