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constraints on the strain rate tensor fi eld from earthquake focal mecha-
nisms, seismicity distribution and active fault traces. The model will be
based on secular horizontal velocities obtained from a dataset of some 4000
continuous GPS stations unevenly distributed on the globe, with the addi-
tion of thousands of published campaign-style velocity observations. The
resolution of the models will be
0.2° instead of 0.5° as in the model cur-
rently available. This new model will be the most updated version of the
homogeneous global strain rate model made available by the scientifi c
community.
Principal Investigators from the University of Nevada (USA), Ecole
Normale Supérieure (France), University of California/CEA (USA) and
UNAVCO are overseeing the tasks.
∼
30.2.5
Global Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs)
The main goal of this project is the development of a harmonized and tested
suite of ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) that can be used at
both the global and regional level for hazard and risk assessment, built on
the most recent advancements in the fi eld (http://www.globalquakemodel.
org/hazard-global-components/ground-motion). The consortium is defi ning
a uniform strategy for modelling ground motion by analysing the consis-
tency in model parameters and site parameters. A second important task is
to create,
select
and critically review a large set of GMPEs; this set is later
used to determine a global set of recommended GMPEs eventually using
the information made available through a comprehensive collection of
waveforms. The consortium is also working on the inclusion of near-fault
effects and on specifi cations for the compilation of a global database of Soil
Classifi cation.
The Pacifi c Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center leads the
project that furthermore features active participation of 27 international
experts.
30.2.6 Ontology and Taxonomy
Ontology refers to the entire framework that will guide GEM's develop-
ment - the set of concepts, and the relationship between those concepts
that will allow determination and communication of earthquake risk, and
Taxonomy is a part of the ontology, and refers to the classifi cation of
things in an ordered system (http://www.globalquakemodel.org/risk-global-
components/ontology-taxonomy). GEM's Ontology is being developed in
an 'Agile' manner (see Section 30.3) through the work of the global com-
ponents and the development of the OpenQuake software. On the other
hand, a group of experts being led by the Alliance for Global Open Risk
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