Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10.000
Fit equation (concrete):
Ln(
Y
) = 2.59Ln(
X
) - 12.11
r
2
= 0.83
Concrete
Riveted Steel
Steel
1.000
0.100
Fit equation (riveted steel):
Ln(
0.010
Y
) = 1.41Ln(PGV) - 8.19
2
= 0.84
r
Fit equation (steel):
Ln(
Y
) = 2.59Ln(
X
) - 14.16
2
= 0.76
r
0.001
10
100
1000
PGV (cm/s)
24.4
Regressions of repair rate vs. PGV for concrete, riveted steel, and
steel pipelines (after Wang and O'Rourke 2008).
(2002) and Jeon and O'Rourke (2005) for details on the regression analysis
procedures. Following their procedures, regressions of repair rate vs. PGV
for trunk lines composed of other materials were developed (Wang and
O'Rourke 2008). Figure 24.4 shows the regressions for concrete, riveted
steel, and steel pipelines.
24.6 System responses
After evaluating the component response of either above-ground or under-
ground facilities, the seismic risk assessment proceeds to system integration,
in which the system performance is evaluated according to the functionality
and serviceability of the entire network. As the functionality of a water
supply system is to deliver water with suffi cient pressure to customers, its
overall system performance is assessed using hydraulic network analysis,
given the estimation of earthquake-induced damage at the component level
(such as damage to trunk lines, distribution lines, and pump stations).
Hydraulic network analysis is based on mass and energy conservation equa-
tions, and is employed to integrate the impacts of component damage into
the assessment of the designated system functionality as a whole. More
specifi cally, hydraulic network analysis is performed to determine where
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