Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0
20
40
60
80
100
Time (years)
(a)
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
Time (years)
(b)
19.4
Variation over time of deformation and shear capacities (solid
line) and demands for
S
a
2.0/g (dashed line) for the example RC
bridge due to corrosion: (a) deformation failure mode; (b) shear failure
mode (Choe
et al.
2009). Reprinted with permission from Elsevier ©
2009.
=
SORM) and simulation techniques (Ditlevsen and Madsen, 1996). The esti-
mates can account for the variability in materials, geometry, loading, and
the extent of deterioration.
Fragility assessment
Following Gardoni
et al.
(2002, 2003), the fragilities for an undamaged
component
i
in a failure mode
k
and for an entire undamaged structure in
any mode of failure can be written respectively as
F
(
)
=
[
(
)
≤
]
Q
,,
0
S
P g
x
, ,
Q
S
0
S
ik
a
ik
0
a
a
{
}
[19.4]
(
)
=
[
(
)
]
F
Q
,,
0
S
P
∪∪
g
x
, ,
Q
S
≤
0
S
a
a
ik
0
a
ik
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