Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 7.6
Summary of input parameters and sample analysis weights
Factor
Variable
Hazard
PGA
1
w/50-year return period
2
PGA
1
w/500-year return period
2
Percent of urbanized area with soft soil
3
Percent of urbanized area with high liquefaction susceptibility
2
Percent of buildings that are wood
2
Population density
4
Tsunami potential indicator
4
Exposure
Population
4
Per capita GDP, constant 1990 US$
4
Number of housing units
4
Urbanized land area
4
Population
4
Per capita GDP, constant 1990 US$
4
Vulnerability
Seismic code indicator
5
City wealth indicator
4
City age indicator
4
Population density
4
City development speed indicator
4
Percent of population aged 0-4 or 65
+
4
External
context
Economic context indicator
4
Political country context indicator
4
Political world context indicator
4
Emergency
response
and
recovery
Planning indicator
5
Per capita GDP, constant 1990 US$
4
Ten-year average of annual real growth in per capita GDP
4
Housing vacancy rate
4
Number or hospitals per 100 000 people
4
Number or physicians per 100 000 people
4
Extreme weather indicator
6
Population density
4
City layout indicator
5
1
Peak ground acceleration;
2
2005 National Building Code;
3
Regional Geological
Map;
4
Statistics Canada (Census);
5
Visual inspection/expert opinion;
6
National
Geophysical Data Center (NGDC).
Source: Davidson and Shah (1997).
tion functions are used to translate the actual values to a common scale to
allow aggregation of the data. The transformation technique considers both
average
X
¯
i
and standard deviation
s
i
(Davidson and Shah 1997). Each input
parameter is scaled by a factor of two
s
i
, to ensure that negative values are
avoided. For the basic input parameters that are directly related to disaster
risk, the transformation function is:
(
)
XXs
s
−−
2
ij
,
i
i
[7.8]
X
′
=
ij
,
i
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