Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2.1
Classes of bacteriocins produced by Gram-positive bacteria
Class
Features
Type or subclass
Examples
Class I
(lantibiotics)
Posttranslational modifi cation
yielding unusual amino acid
residues
Type A: Cationic, amphiphilic, pore forming
activity on the bacterial membrane
Nisin A/Z, lacticin 481, lacticin
3147, subtilin, plantaricin C,
varicin 8, lactocin S
Type B: Globular, no or negative charge,
inhibit phospholipase A2
Mersacidin, duramycin B/C,
cinnamycin
Labyrinthopeptides: contain labionin, a carbocyclic,
post- translationally modifi ed amino acid residue
Labyrinthopeptins A1, A2, and
derivatives
Sactibiotics: Contain intramolecular sulfur to
a-carbon crosslinkages
Subtilosin A, thuricin CD
Class II
(nonlantibiotic
peptides)
No posttranslational
modifi cation, small cationic,
amphiphilic peptides
a
Class IIa: Antilisterial, pediocin-like bacteriocins
(YGNGV motif)
Pediocin AcH/PA-1, sakacin A,
curvacin A, enterocin A
Class IIb: Two-peptide bacteriocins
b
Enterocin L50, lacticin F,
lactococcin G and Q; plantaricins
EF and JK
Class IIc: Circular bacteriocins
Enterocin AS-48, reutericin 6,
gassericin A, lactocyclin Q
Class IId: Other single-peptide, nonpediocin
molecules
b
Lactococcins A and 972, enterocin
EJ97, divergicin A
Class III
(bacteriolysins)
Nonbacteriocin lytic proteins,
large, heat labile, cause cell lysis
through cell wall hydrolysis
Lysostaphin, helveticin J,
enterolysin A
a
Some may contain modifi ed amino acid residues like n-terminal formylation or hydroxyproline
b
Some of these are synthesized without leader peptide, and could be included in a separate class of leaderless bacteriocins
