Snow Avalanches - Environmental Geomechanics - page 64

cloud, determination of the entrainment coefficients, etc. The chief issue raised by
the analogy with density or gravity currents concerns the similarity conditions based
on both the Froude (or equally the Richardson number) and Reynolds numbers
[BEG 91, HOP 77, HOP 83]. Regarding flowing avalanches, authors have considered
the analogy with granular flows. Various materials (ping-pong ball, sand, beads)
have been used. In engineering laboratory experiments simulating flowing avalanches
offer promising tools for studying practical and complicated issues, such as the
deflecting action of a dam [CHU 95] or braking mounds [HÁK 00]. A few scientists
have conducted or are performing experiments studying snow flows down confined
geometries in the field [DEN 98].
2.3. Bibliography
[ADJ 96] ADJEL G., Méthodes statistiques pour la détermination de la distance d'arrêt des
avalanches. PhD thesis, Joseph Fourier University, 1996.
[AMM 97] AMMAN W., BUSER O., VOLLENWYDER U., Lawinen . Birhäuser, 1997.
[ANC 96] ANCEY C., CHARLIER C., “Quelques réflexions autour d'une classification des
avalanches”. Revue de Géographie Alpine , vol. 84, p. 9-21, 1996.
[ANC 98] ANCEY C, (ed.) Guide Neige et Avalanches : Connaissances, Pratiques, Sécurité .
Aix-en-Provence, Édisud, 1998.
[ANC 01] ANCEY C., RAPIN F., MEUNIER M., “Nivologie pour l'ingénieur”, in Schrefler
B. and Delage P. (eds.) Géomécanique environnementale: Risques naturels et Patrimoine ,
p. 45-68. Paris: Hermès, 2001.
[ANC 03] ANCEY C., MEUNIER M., RICHARD D., “The inverse problem for avalanche-
dynamics models”. Water Resour. Res ., vol. 39, WR01099, 2003.
[ANC 04a] ANCEY C., “Powder-snow avalanches: approximation as non-Boussinesq clouds
with a Richardson-number-dependent entrainment function”. J. Geophys. Res . vol. 109,
F01005, 2004.
[ANC 04b] ANCEY C., GERVASONI C., MEUNIER M., “Computing extreme avalanches”.
Cold Regions Sci. Technol ., vol. 39, p. 161-180, 2004.
[ANC 04c] ANCEY C., MEUNIER M., “Estimating bulk rheological properties of flowing
snow avalanches from field data”. J. Geophys. Res ., vol. 109, F01004, 2004.
[ANC 05] ANCEY C., “Monte Carlo calibration of avalanches described as Coulomb fluid
flows”. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A , vol. 363, p. 1529-1550, 2005.
[ANC 06] ANCEY C., Dynamique des avalanches . Lausanne, Presses Polytechniques
Universitaires Romandes, 2006.
[ANC 07a] ANCEY C., “Plasticity and geophysical flows: A review”. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid
Mech ., vol. 142, p. 4-35, 2007.
[ANC 07b] ANCEY C., COCHARD S., WIEDERSEINER S., RENTSCHLERM., “Existence
and features of similarity solutions for supercritical non-Boussinesq gravity currents”.
Physica D , vol. 226, p. 32-54, 2007.