Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Workers
6%
Cuts
1%
Welds
6%
Heavy
Equipment
16%
Stones
71%
Figure 16.24.
Cause of damage in geomembrane liners [BOU 02]
Pipe
penetration
2%
Other
7%
Under
drainage pipes
4%
Corner, edge,
9%
Bottom Liner
78%
Figure 16.25.
Location of damage in geomembrane liners [BOU 02]
It is interesting to note from the reported surveys that the bulk of defects were
related to mechanical damage caused by the placement of soil on top of the
geomembrane. In this respect, the recommendations made by Giroud [GIR 00]
should be taken into account to minimize geomembrane installation and post-
installation defects.
