Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2.6
Species richness, diversity, evenness and similarity indices for homegardens in upland
and lowland villages in Northeast Luzon, the Philippines
Indices
Lowlands
Hilly lowlands
Uplands
Moldero
n = 14
Malibabag
n = 10
Namnama
n = 10
Baliuag
n = 10
Dy Abra
n = 13
All
n = 57
Plant density
a,b
Tree crops
385 (232)a
c
409 (156)a
387 (178)a
302 (225)b
220 (198)b
Non tree crops
3296 (2670)a
7591 (11812)b
4436 (3699)ab 3436 (4144)a
2015 (3459)c
Ornamentals
1246 (1311)ad
2128 (3367)ab
3402 (3274)b
1147 (1710)d
717 (1233)c
Species richness
d
Tree crops
15 (7)a
16 (5)a
14 (6)a
14 (8)a
11 (6)b
14 (6)
Non tree crops
9 (5)a
16 (7)b
12 (6)a
9 (4)ac
7 (5)c
10 (6)
All crops
25 (11)a
32 (11)b
26 (10)a
23 (11)a
18 (10)c
24 (11)
Total
83
94
88
74
86
155
Shannon Wiener
b
Tree crops
2.19 (0.40)a
1.98 (0.55)bc
2.07 (0.38)ac
1.57 (0.84)bd
1.39 (0.81)d
1.85 (0.69)
Non tree crops
1.42 (0.67)a
1.50 (0.36)a
1.53 (0.53)a
1.34 (0.53)a
1.18 (0.46)b
1.36 (0.55)
All crops
2.03 (0.46)a
1.87 (0.43)ac
1.96 (0.51)ac
1.80 (0.52)bc
1.81 (0.43)bc
1.90 (0.46)
Eveness
b
Tree crops
0.90 (0.06)a
0.79 (0.13)bd
0.94 (0.06)c
0.80 (0.26)ad
0.72 (0.29)d
0.83 (0.20)
Non tree crops
0.67 (0.22)a
0.57 (0.12)b
0.66 (0.11)c
0.68 (0.20)ac
0.66 (0.24)c
0.64 (0.21)
All crops
0.70 (0.13)ac
0.58 (0.12)b
0.65 (0.11)a
0.66 (0.14)a
0.74 (0.13)c
0.67 (0.13)
Whittaker
b
Tree crops
3.2
2.8
3.5
3.4
4.6
6.0
Non tree crops
4.5
3.6
3.7
4.2
6.6
8.6
All crops
3.5
3.1
3.4
3.6
5.1
6.7
individuals per hectare
a
excluding seedlings
b
average (standard deviation); values followed by the same letter are not significantly different at 0.05 level
c
including seedlings
d
species among the homegardens in this village is the least uniform of all villages,
the index is not significantly different from those for Malibabag and Baliuag (0.79
and 0.80 respectively). For the non-tree crops, Malibabag has the lowest average
(0.57) that is significantly different from the average values recorded for the other
villages. Finally the Whittaker
diversity index is lowest for Dy Abra, indicating
that the homegardens within this village show the greatest difference in species
composition of all villages, for both tree and non-tree crops.
The highest average tree crop densities are recorded for the lowland villages (Table
2.6). The lowest plant densities are recorded for Dy Abra for both tree and non-tree
crops and also ornamental plants. In this village, where homegardens and yards are
generally larger than those in the lowlands (Table 2.2), only relatively small sections
of the homegardens are actually used for the production of crops, firewood and tim-
ber. The houses are built close to the road where water taps are available and at the
back, the gardens - composed of naturally growing grasses and herbs including a high
variety of weeds - gradually convert into pasture or sometimes a small rice field.
Most upland homegardens (in Dy Abra and Baliuag) are characterized by the
presence of two or three structural layers whereas most lowland gardens (Moldero,
Malibabag, and Namnama) contain up to five layers. The latter are mainly com-
posed of mixtures with fruit and vegetable trees (see Table 2.4c): mango-based
mixtures predominating in Namnama and the
Moringa
-papaya mixture in Malibabag
whereas in Moldero both types of mixtures occur in 43 percent of all homegardens.
β
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