Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 21.2
Trends in annual population growth, gross national income (GNI) per capita and
average net annual trade in forest products for various South and Southeast Asian countries
Country/
region
Population
a
(million)
Annual
growth
a
(%)
GNI/capita
b
(US$)
Average annual net trade in
forest products
c,d
('000
US$)
2000-
2005
1990-
1992
2000-
2002
1990
2005
2000
e
2005
f
Asia
1,415.4
1,848.7
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
−14,208,400
−19,568,974
Bangladesh
g
108.7
137.0
1.4
380
470
−17,581
−75,872
Bhutan
g
0.7
h
0.8
2.4
510
600
h
7,119
−876
Cambodia
h
8.6
13.8
1.9
290
430
41,705
7,374
India
g
835.0
1,107.0
1.7
450
730
−547,290
−865,449
Indonesia
179.4
219.9
1.3
570
1,280
3,170,812
3,909,903
Lao PDR
h
4.1
5.6
1.4
290
430
33,951
45,114
Malaysia
18.1
26.1
2.2
3,390
4,970
2,737,487
1,907,737
Myanmar
h
40.8
55.4
2.0
n.a.
n.a.
291,461
231,529
Nepal
g
18.1
25.3
2.3
230
270
−3,960
−1,514
Philippines
60.9
85.2
2.1
1,030
1,320
−134,026
−495,568
Sri Lanka
g
16.3
19.7
1.3
890
1,160
−76,625
−86,884
Thailand
h
55.8
64.8
0.8
2,010
2,720
−1,074,407
−301,270
Vietnam
g
66.0
83.1
1.4
380
620
85,163
−117,044
a
From ADB 2006
b
GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to US dollars
using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value
added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valua-
tion of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property
income) from abroad
c
Refers to the aggregate of all forest products, including industrial roundwood, fuelwood and
charcoal, sawnwood, wood-based panels, wood pulp (including recovered paper), and paper and
paperboard (see also Table 21.3); a negative trade value refers to a net expenditure derived from a
net import of forest products whereas a positive value refers to a net income derived from a net
export of forest products
d
FAOStat 2007, Earthtrends Data Tables: Forest Production and trade 2005 at http://earthtrends.
wri.org/datatables/index.php?theme=4 accessed 21 May 2007; World Resources Institute (WRI)
1994; FAO 2005
e
From ADB 2004
f
From World Bank 2007 at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/
GNIPC.pdf
g
Average of 1989-1991 consumption data
h
From 2002 data
The relationships between population and economic growth and the demand,
consumption, and trade of forest products are rather complex, with various other
factors playing significant roles as well. Indonesia and Lao PDR have experienced
enormous growth in population and per capita GNI; and realized net gains in terms
of the financial value of their forest product trade during the period 1990-2002
(Table 21.2). Malaysia, Cambodia and Myanmar while all experiencing population
and per capita GNI growth, showed substantial decreases in net financial gain from
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