Smallholder Tree Growing in South and Southeast Asia - Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services - page 13

Photo 1.2 Land use transition from forest to smallholder tree based and agriculture systems in
the Philippines (©DJ Snelder)

Protection forest
17%

Forests = 7 M ha

Upland farms
34%

Secondary forest
18%

Plantations
3%

Grasslands
13%

Brushlands
15%

Open areas = 9 M ha

Fig. 1.3 The distribution of the different land use systems over land classified as “forest land” in
the Philippines (Forest Management Bureau 2006; FAO 2006a)

626, 260 and 526 people dead. The high human toll and declining wood availability
led to logging bans on primary forests and the establishment of protected areas in
the 1990s, a reduction in concessions leaving a few sustainable operations, and
massive reforestation efforts in the last few decades. After the disastrous storms in
November-December 2004, President Gloria Macagapal Arroyo even announced a