Improving Productivity, Profitability and Sustainability of Degraded Grasslands Through Tree-Based Land Use Systems in the Philippines - Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services - page 286

Table 14.4 Mean current land use allocation (% and ha) of adopters and non-adopters of tree-
based land use systems, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, The Philippines
Land use a Adopter Non-adopter All

% Land Area (ha) % Land Area (ha) % Land Area (ha)

share share share

Maize 58.12 1.302 67.94 0.734 59.12 1.230

Lowland rice 4.65 0.104 5.28 0.057 4.21 0.088

Upland rice 1.80 0.040 0.28 0.003 2.18 0.045

Cassava 2.32 0.052 1.94 0.021 2.48 0.052

Gmelina arborea 4.80 0.108 0.00 0.000 4.11 0.085

Eucalyptus deglupta 0.95 0.021 0.00 0.000 0.81 0.017

Acacia mangium 0.07 0.002 0.00 0.000 0.06 0.001

Swietenia
macrophylla 0.28 0.006 0.00 0.000 0.24 0.005

Fruit trees and
other trees 3.66 0.082 0.00 0.000 3.82 0.079

Coconut 2.47 0.055 0.00 0.000 2.12 0.044

Coffee 0.56 0.013 0.00 0.000 0.48 0.010

Vegetables 3.96 0.089 5.96 0.064 4.54 0.094

Fallow
(natural/improved) 9.73 0.218 7.59 0.082 8.32 0.173

Pasture/grazing 1.45 0.032 1.11 0.012 1.40 0.029

Banana 4.16 0.093 9.95 0.107 5.78 0.120

Peanut 0.18 0.004 0.00 0.000 0.16 0.003

Watermelon 1.15 0.026 0.00 0.000 0.89 0.019

a Multiple response

14.3.4 Economic Impacts

14.3.4.1 Predicted Yields of Imperata , Maize and Timber

The productivity of various land use systems was not directly comparable in terms
of yield since each system has different outputs and/or harvested products.
However, the pattern of herbage, maize and timber yields was explained by the
rates of soil loss predicte d and consequently the predicted soil quality in terms of
carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus associated to each land use system. For instance,
maize yield declined more rapidly under current practice of maize cropping without
tree component (FPLUS) than the system with trees (TCLUS and TCSFLUS)
throughout the simulation period (Fig. 14.2). Relative to initial maize yield, the rate
of maize reduction was about 28 percent under FPLUS systems while maize yield
under TCLUS and TCSFLUS declined only by 10 percent and eight percent respec-
tively, after 20 years.
Predicted herbage yield of Imperata declined at a much lower rate in the
Imperata -animal grazing system (IMPLUS) than under silvopastoral (TIMPLUS)
system. This is most probably caused by the competition effect of trees and grass
in terms of light capture and nutrients uptake (Fig. 14.2). Meanwhile, all the tree-
based systems exhibited a slower yield reduction over the two rotation intervals