Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1.1
Forest resources distribution and changes for the period 1990-2005 in South and
Southeast Asia (FAO 2006a)
Country/
area
Forest area 2005
Forest area change 1990-2005
Land area
Natural
forest
Forest
planta-
tion
Total forest
Forest
plantations
Total forest
1990-
2000
2000-
2005
1990-
2000
2000-
2005
000 ha
000 ha
000 ha
000 ha
% of
land
area
000 ha/
year
000 ha/
year
000 ha/
year
000 ha/
year
Bangladesh
13,017
592
279
871
6.7
n.s.
−2
3.7
0.6
Bhutan
4,700
3,193
2
3,195
68.0
11
11
0
0.2
Brunei
527
278
-
278
52.8
−2
−2
-
-
Cambodia
17,652
10,388
59
10,447
59.2
−140
−219
0.5
−2.6
East Timor
1,479
755
43
798
53.7
−11
−11
1.4
0
India
297,319
64,475
3,226
67,701
22.8
362
29
85.1
84.2
Indonesia
181,157
85,096
3,399
88,495
48.8
−1,872
−1,871
79.3
79.4
Lao PDR
23,080
15,918
224
16,142
69.9
−78
−78
9.5
25.0
Malaysia
32,855
19,317
1,573
20,890
63.6
−78
−140
−29.7
−17.2
Maldives
30
1
-
1
3.0
0
0
-
-
Myanmar
65,755
31,373
849
32,222
49.0
−466
−466
30.2
30.6
Nepal
14,300
3,583
53
3,636
25.4
−92
−53
0.3
0.2
Pakistan
77,088
1,584
318
1,902
2.5
−41
−43
6.2
4.4
Philippines
29,817
6,542
620
7,162
24.0
−262
−157
−92.8
−46.4
Singapore
61
2
0
2
3.4
0
0
0
0
Sri Lanka
6,463
1,738
195
1,933
29.9
−27
−30
−2.1
−5.1
Thailand
51,089
11,421
3,099
14 520
28.4
−115
−59
43.7
4.4
Viet Nam
32,550
10,236
2,695
12,931
39.7
236
241
108.3
129.0
S & SE
Asia
848,952
266,492
16,634
283,127
33.4
−2,578
−2,851
239.9
286.7
Total World 13,063,900 3,801,848
150,177 3,952,025 30.3
−8,868
−7,317
-
2,800
(−2.8 percent) per year (Table 1.1). For the period 2000-2005, the rate of forest loss
remained unchanged for Indonesia and Myanmar but decreased to −0.2 million
hectares (−2.1 percent) per year for the Philippines.
Efforts to counteract these losses have been directed at the establishment of
large-scale forest plantations. Plantation forests have in fact increased throughout
the world, at an estimated rate of 2.8 million hectares per year during the period
2000-2005, and tempered - together with natural forest expansion - the annual rate
of net forest loss from 8.9 to 7.3 million hectares (Table 1.1). Yet, forest plantations
have not been equally successful in the region. For example, Asia (with a net forest
loss in the 1990s), experienced a net gain in forest area over the period 2000-2005,
but this was mainly as a result of large-scale afforestation reported by China
(FAO 2006b). Moreover, forest plantations still comprise only a small percentage,
i.e., 3.8 percent (or about 150 million hectares), of the total forest area world wide
(FAO 2006b). It is unclear how much of this percentage is accomplished by smallholder
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