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in the control and intervention arm. We found no statistically signifi cant effect of the
interaction of time and intervention in a time-dependent model.
Table 3.
Effect of SODIS on diarrhea episodes, longitudinal prevalence, severe diarrhea, and
dysentery episodes.
Outcome
Model
n Children
Parameter
RR/OR
95%CI
p-Value
n Episodes (RR)
Unadjusted
725
Intervention
0.81
(0.59-1.12)
0.19
Adjusted
644
Intervention
0.74
(0.50-1.11)
0.14
Age
0.75
(0.70-0.81)
< 0.001
Sex
1.03
(0.84-1.26)
0.80
Water treatment
1.05
(0.81-1.36)
0.69
Hand washing
0.93
(0.85-1.02)
0.13
Prevalence (OR)
Unadjusted
725
Intervention
0.92
(0.66-1.29)
0.62
Adjusted
644
Intervention
0.91
(0.64- 1.30)
0.60
Age
0.67
(0.61-0.73)
< 0.001
Sex
1.05
(0.84-1.31)
0.68
Water treatment
1.00
(0.76-1.33)
0.97
Hand washing
0.94
(0.84-1.04)
0.23
Severe diarrhoea (OR)
Unadjusted
643
Intervention
0.91
(0.51-1.63)
0.75
Adjusted
589
Intervention
1.02
(0.52-2.01)
0.95
Age
0.52
(0.40-0.67)
< 0.001
Sex
1.12
(0.63-2.01)
0.69
Water treatment
1.59
(0.81-3.12)
0.18
Hand washing
0.94
(0.75-1.19)
0.62
Dysentery (OR)
Unadjusted
725
Intervention
0.80
(0.55-1.17)
0.23
Adjusted
644
Intervention
0.75
(0.47-1.18)
0.20
Age
0.73
(0.67-0.80)
< 0.001
Sex
1.00
(0.80-1.26)
0.97
Water treatment
1.15
(0.87-1.53)
0.33
Hand washing
0.91
(0.82-1.01)
0.06
Number of episodes,
n
of episodes per days at risk; prevalence,
n
of days ill per days under observation; severe diarrhoea,
diarrhoea during > 10% of all days (only children with more than 100 d of observation are included); unadjusted, general
linear mixed models, only design factors and treatment are included; adjusted, effects oftreatment and covariates; sex:
0, female; 1, male; water treatment: water treatment at baseline, 0, no treatment; 1, treatment (chlorination or boiling or
SODIS); hand washing, reported number of child's hand washing per day at baseline.
doi:1 0.1371 /journal.pmed.1 000125.t003
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