Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CONCLUSION
This ecologic study is the first attempt to examine the relationship between cancer
incidence and the area under wine cultivation in Rhineland-Palatinate winegrowing
communities. The study results point to a potentially elevated skin cancer risk, blad-
der cancer risk, and endocrine-related (prostate, testicular, breast, and endometrium)
cancer risk of the population in communities with a large area under wine cultivation.
Mainly due to the ecologic study design, the problem of multiple testing, and due
to the insufficient completeness of the Rhineland-Palatinate cancer registry concern-
ing the considered region, these findings are not conclusive for a causal relationship.
There is a need for analytic epidemiologic studies differentiating between environ-
mental and occupational exposures to further clarify the cancer risk associated with
pesticide usage in wine cultivation.
KEYWORDS
•
Confidence intervals
•
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
•
Non-melanotic skin cancer
•
Poisson regression
•
Rate ratios
•
Standardized cancer incidence ratios
AUTHORS' CONTRIBUTIONS
Andreas Seidler conceived the study design, coordinated the study, and drafted the
manuscript, Gaël Paul Hammer performed the statistical analysis and participated
in the study design and coordination, Gabriele Husmann, Anne Krtschil, and Irene
Schmidtmann participated in the design of the study and helped to draft the manu-
script, Jochem König participated in the statistical analysis and helped to draft the
manuscript, Maria Blettner participated in the coordination of the study and helped
to design the study and draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final
manuscript.
COMPETING INTERESTS
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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